CHAPTEE XVI 



EEFOKMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MILK SUPPLY 



The average present-day conditions under which milk is 

 produced and supplied have been described in the previous 

 chapter. As there pointed out, they are in the main highly 

 unsatisfactory and in urgent need of alteration. The present 

 chapter is concerned with the practical reforms, both as regards 

 the structure of premises and the methods of handling the 

 milk, which are essential to the production of a pure milk. 

 The machinery by which these alterations are to be effected is 

 discussed in Chapter XXL, leaving actual practical require- 

 ments for the present chapter. The reforms required may 

 conveniently be considered under four separate headings : 



A. Eeforms at the source of supply. 



B. Eeforms in the transit of milk. 



C. Eeforms in the purveying of milk. 



D. Eeforms in the care of milk by the consumer. 



A. The Source of Supply 



1. Structural Bequireinents. — There are at least four 

 essential requirements for the structure and fittings of a good 

 cowshed : 



(a) While protecting the cows, the shed must provide a 



sufficiency of air-space, light, and ventilation. 

 (6) A structure and environment which enables the cows 



to be kept clean. 

 (c) A pure water supply available for the cows, and so 



accessible that it can be readily used for washing 



down the sheds. 



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