118 



Among those ripe with Late Eichmond, or Late Kentish, as sometimes called, 

 may be mentioned Brusseller Braun, Lutovka, Prauendorfer "Weichsel, Griotte du 

 Nord, Orel 24, Ore) 27, and Bessarabian. This collection will cover a period of about 

 two weeks, beginning with Lutovka and closing with Bessarabian. Prof. Budd, in 

 speaking of this last, says that " it will endure more abuse of tree than most of our 

 forest trees. Our original specimen has been out for buds and scions for five years, 

 taking oif nearly all the new growth, yet the tree is sound to-day." Fruit large, 

 firm-fleshed, and when ripe very mildly sub-acid ; it promises to make a long lived 

 tree of considerable size, and to prove a regular bearer of choice fruit. 



The members of the next group to which I wish to call your attention are more 

 or less dwarfs in habit, and mature their fruit with the English Morello. These are 

 Shadow Amarelle, Spate Amarelle, and Large Long Late ; with Spate Amarelle as 

 earliest. The fruit of these should be allowed to hang on the tree till of a dark pur- 

 plish colour when fully ripe. The trees are smaller than English Morello, with pen- 

 dulous habit. As fruited in 1889, they were superior to Wragg for dessert use. 



Another class, belonging to the Vladimir family, coming from Orel and north- 

 ward to Kazan, Eussia, is represented by Orel and Shubianka. These are specially 

 promising for the dry sections of the North- West Territories. They are shrubby in 

 habit, having the apjjearance of large currant bushes rather than trees. The leaves 

 are very small ; the twigs so slender as to be difficult to graft. They come into 

 bearing early — when 3 or 4 feet high. Fruit, size of Montmorency, nearly 

 black when ripe and mildly sub-acid. With this cherry on a hardy stock, such as 

 the small-growing western forms of Bird Cherry (Prunus Pennsylvanica) — or Sand 

 Cherry (Prunus pumilla), — the first of which it has been budded upon with success, — 

 we should be able, very materially, to extend the limit of profitable cherry growing 

 northward. These cherries probably belong to the same race as the "Koslor bush 

 Morello " recently imported by the Fruit Growers' Association, through Mr. 

 ISTeimetz, of Odessa. The forty trees of this variety now at the farm, and imported 

 with the association's consignment, will be increased as rapidly as possible, for dis- 

 tribution to the colder parts of the JDominion. We will probably find some variation 

 among the originals, as they are seedlings from the parent tree; but Mr. ISTeimetz 

 assures us that the cherries grown fi'om pits do notvary, and its early-bearing habits 

 will aid very much in the matter of selection. 



As root-grafting the cherry is not generally practised, a few remarks in that 

 connection may not be out of place. I am strongly of the opinion that grafting the 

 cherry is better for the planter, than propagation by budding. The root grafts are 

 set down to the last bud on the scion as in apple grafts, thus giving the more or less 

 tender mazzard stock additional protection and encourages rooting from the scion. 

 When set still deeper in the orchard they are practically out of danger of root- 

 killing. I have with me a few specimens illustrating the method. The scions are 

 cut after the twigs are thoroughly matured, and before hard freezing, which is apt 

 to weaken their vitality. They are firmly packed in forest leaves. In sand or moss 

 it is difficult to preserve them in a strictly normal condition, owing to improper 

 degree of moisture, often absorbing too much water. The scion is set in the root at 

 the crown by the mode known as side grafting; the wedge should be about equally 

 thick on both sides-r-if any difference is made, the outside should be slightly thickest. 

 Again, if too much difference is made in this direction the whole pressure coming 

 upon the cambium layer, the conditions are very unfavourable to growth of cell 

 structure, by which the root and scion become united. Waxed thread and grafting 

 wax are used to bind and cover the union. A mixture of equal parts of sand and 

 earth seems to make the best material in which to pack the grafts for winter 

 storage. The same danger must be guarded against here as in scion packing — that 

 of too much moisture. This will cause the buds to swell before planting — a con- 

 dition which is never followed by a good stand in nursery, except where the roots are 

 equally advanced, and this we seldom find to be the case under ordinary cellar con- 

 ditions. The simplest kind of cellar, with means for ventillation, serves the purpose. 

 It should be kept near the freezing point by opening in the evening and keeping it 



