FISH AND FISHERIES. 13 
Part of our fish fauna is made up from the Pacific region, but this is 
not so large an ingredient as might be expected. Thus we have not 
many New Zealand species. Dr. Giinther is the authority for the state- 
ment that many of the species of the South Australian province and 
New Zealand coasts are identical. It is certainly not true of the 
south-east coasts of Australia, with regard to the species, and even the 
’ identity of genera is comparatively small, at least of those genera which 
are characteristic of South Australia or peculiar to its coasts. Of these, 
as already stated, we have fifteen in N.S.W., only eight of which 
extend to New Zealand, namely, Trygonorhina, Arripis, Trachichthys, 
Chironemus, Latris, Leptoscopus, Labrichthys, and Odax. 
The other genera which we have in common with New Zealand are— 
Rhinobatus, Raiia, Trygon, Urolophus,Anthias, Haplodactylus, Pagrus, 
Scorpis, Trachichthys, Chilodactylus, Scorpena, Lepidotrigla, Trigla, 
Bovichthys, Thyrsites, Zeus, Trachurus, Caranx, Cristiceps, Engraulis, 
Clupea, Conger, Murenichthys, Syngnathus, Monocanthus, Ostracion, 
Branchiostoma. This makes thirty-five genera common to the south- 
east of Australia and New Zealand. Nor can we be surprised at this 
result, as the distance is great, and a very deep sea intervenes between 
the two provinces. We have not at present the means of estimating the 
proportion of species which occur also in other islands of the Pacific, 
but it must be smaller than the New Zealand element, because of the 
depth of the sea intervening, and the distance separating New South 
Wales from’ most of the Pacific Islands. 
To sum up the results, therefore, we find that in New South Wales 
the predominating characteristic of the fish fauna of its coasts is the 
prevalence of genera peculiar to Australia, but which are more common 
and better represented on the south coast. The species are for the most 
part peculiar to New South Wales. Secondly, more than one-fourth of 
the fauna is made up of tropical genera, about half of the species of 
which are peculiar to the east coast of Australia. But the data are not 
sufficient to establish this with certainty. We have furthermore a very 
few local genera and species. Finally, the rest of the fauna is made up 
of very wide-spread genera and species. A few of these are European, 
more from the Pacific, more still common to Australia and New Zealand, 
but the most having a wide range over the Indian oceans and Chinese 
S28, 
As to our fresh-water fishes, the most of them are peculiar to our 
rivers, and are not found outside our continent, at least as far as regards 
the species. A very large proportion belong to the perch family ; and 
one of the most common, the Murray Cod (Oligorus), is not an ex- 
clusively fresh-water genus, but has marine representatives on our own 
coasts and on those of New Zealand. Some other genera are peculiar 
to Australia, such as Ctenolates Murrayia, Macquaria, Riverina ; but they 
are all true perches, and the generic differences are slight. Therapon 
is another percoid genus numerously represented in our rivers, but mostly 
in the tropics, and it is also known in India. ates is also a perch, and 
is known in India. We have also numbers of the herring family in the 
fresh-water streams, and several species of cat-fish or Siluride. We 
have also eels, and a peculiar family called Galawiade, which is known 
only elsewhere in New Zealand and the extreme portions of South 
