84 NEW SOUTH WALES 
The Garfish. 
(Plates XXXVIT and XXXVIIL) 
Hemirhamphus intermedius, Cant. (Plate XX XVII upper fig.) has a 
dark greenish back, with a well defined silvery band on the upper sides. 
H. regularis, Giinth. (Plate XX'VII lower fig.) (the river garfish of the 
fishermen). The two species may be readily distinguished by the small 
triangular upper jaw being in one (intermedius) longer than broad, and 
in the other (regularis) broader than long. In H. intermedius also the 
scales are so very deciduous that the fishes generally appear to be with- 
out any. ZH. commersoni, Cuv., has four rounded blackish blotches on 
the sides. HZ. .argenteus, Beun., has a very short beak. According to 
Mr. Hill, “the garfish, or among professional fishermen ballahoo, is 
another of the delicate fishes of this Colony, and one which is known 
and recognized for its good qualities by every one who has lived in the 
city of Sydney, or throughout the length and breadth of the country. 
These fishes come into the harbour at various stages of growth, and may 
be found from the size of sail-needles to adults of 15, or 18 inches long, 
January ard February are the months when they may be seen plentiful 
of mixed sizes, but by a wise enactment of the law nets only of a par- 
ticular gauge in the meshes are allowed to be fished with, to prevent the 
wholesale destruction which used to go on in former years, when 
millions of the smaller and useless garfishes were hauled on to the shore 
to perish. 
“ On the Ist of April, however, that restriction is taken off, at which 
time nets with meshes of a suitable size are substituted, and we may 
then expect a fair supply to the market, as our harbours are now 
teeming with them, and the season extends into the winter months.” 
None of the true Flying Fishes are caught near Port Jackson, but 
they may be seen in summer months on the more northerly portions of 
the coasts of New South Wales. 
A great many families must now be passed over, as they include none 
of commercial importance to Australia. There are no true Salmonide 
known in any of our waters, but Salmon and Salmon Trout have been 
successfully introduced. An attempt has been made in Tasmania to 
acclimatize Salmo purpuratus, as well as Salmo salar, S. fario, the Trout, 
and S. trutta, the Bull Trout or Salmon Trout. So far the experiment 
may be said to be pending. Whether S. salar is really acclimatized or 
not is still doubted by some, though for no good reason, the largest 
‘Specimens, over 10lbs. which I have seen caught were certainly true 
Salmon, according to the opinion of the most experienced persons in 
‘Tasmania. The whole evidence on this question will be stated further 
on in connection with acclimatization of Fishes. 
CLUPEIDA, or Herrings. 
Body covered with scales, head naked, no barbels, abdomen frequently 
compressed inti a serrated edge. Margin of upper jaw formed by the 
intermaxillaries mesially, and maxillaries laterally, the latter composed 
of at least three movable pieces. Opercular apparatus complete, no 
adipose fin, dorsal moderate, anal sometimes very long. Stomach with 
