38 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
» clares that it will remain “a procedure confined to the laboratory i 
Trasbot and Méller condemn it ; and for ourselves, we have wholly 
restricted its use to patients used in our surgical experiments. 
Chloral and Morphine.—To diminish accidents resulting from the 
intravenous injection of chloral, Cadéac and Mallet have proposed 
to bring about anesthesia by associating it with morphine. | Accord~ 
ing to their experiments, complete anesthesia is brought about by | 
injecting into the subcutaneous conjunctive tissue a solution of 80° 
centigrammes to 1 gramme of muriate of morphine, followed in 10° : 4 
minutes by a rectal injection of 80to 100 grammes of chloral. 
Narcosis is not always readily brought about. It takes place 
slowly, and is at times preceded by a somewhat long period of ex- 
citement. Esser advises this means in cases in which the use of 
chloroform is prohibited. a 
Inhalation of the vapors of chloral does not produce aneesthesia, 
or even sleep. Subcutaneous injections of chloral in aqueous solu- 
tion give rise to diffused gangrenous abscesses with abundant sup- ~ 
puration. Administered in sufficient doses (40 to 50 grammes per 
mouthful), in weak solution, chloral gives rise to numbness, drowsi- | 
ness, and inco-ordination of movements, but no complete anzesthe- 
sia. This process may, however, be used advantageously in ordi-~ 
nary practice. (Harms.) 
ANZSTHESIA WITH MORPHINE. 
For horses, subcutaneous injections of muriate of morphine have 
been recommended to produce drowsiness or a slight anesthesia 
which will permit the performance of some operations upon ani- 
mals standing up. According to size, 20 to 50 centigrammes. 
areinjected. The doses of one, one and one-half and two grammes. 
{Giirlt) are useless. In some animals, morphine brings on drowsi- 
ness, numbness and a muscular relaxation more or less marked ; 
some animals which are nervous, restless, or dangerous, thus. 
_ become quiet and easy to handle; but with others, the object is 
not reached even with large doses, and phenomena of excitement, 
which may last several hours, will occur. The patients are very 
restless, give themselves to violent struggles, rear, shake their heads, 
push them against the wall as in indigestion complicated with brain: 
troubles. We have seen these manifestations last for several hours. 
Many practitioners have observed similar cases. This process is. 
then uncertain in its results, but may be of some benefit; and when 
the dose is small, is perfectly harmless. 
The dichloride of methylene, experimented with by Nigotin in 
anesthesia of the horse, has proved inferior to chloroform, as were 
