160 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
‘disinfecting solutions, irrigation or baths, and antiseptic applications 
in powder, or with vaseline, that these directions are fulfilled. Prepara- 
tions of cocaine, morphine, or iodoform, are always useful to allay the 
pain. In cases where extensive cutaneous pieces are in process of 
‘elimination, this can be hurried with the bistoury as soon as there 
remain but little adherences. 
When once the sloughs have fallen off and the wound cleansed and 
covered with a granulating surface, treatment of burns is the same as 
that of ordinary traumas. Moist antiseptic dressings are excellent ; 
but, generally, one is satisfied by washing the granulating surface two 
-or three times a day, covering it with a coat of boricated vaseline, or 
dusting it with absorbing powder (charcoal, coal-tar, boric acid, 
‘camphor, oxide of zinc). Sometimes complications exist, produced by 
the burn itself or brought about by the inflammation of reaction 
(nécrosis of a tendon, of an aponeurosis, of a bone, opening of a joint 
or of a tendinous sheath, thrombosis of large blood-vessels, partial 
destruction of the principal nerves of aregion). Severe burns of the legs 
are treated only when the diseased parts are likely to regain the use of 
these members. Large animals which are affected with lesions, and 
whose recovery must be incomplete, or end in an inferiority rendering 
them useless, are to be condemned at once. In the case of dogs and 
cats, amputation may be performed. 
Serious secondary hyperemia of the lungs, intestines, kidneys, liver, 
or nervous centers, and septic accidents, are indicated by significant 
troubles : weakness, stupefaction, coma, acceleration of the respiration 
and circulation, depression of the pulse, hypothermia. These are 
treated with stimulants (alcohol, coffee, acetate of ammonia, subcutane- 
ous injections of ether, cafeine), and the antiseptics (sulphate of 
‘quinine, cresyl, camphor). It is sometimes useful to cover the patients 
with sheets dipped in an antiseptic liquid. They should be kept up on 
‘milk, and, if they still are willing to drink, cold diuretics should be 
added to their beverages. Animals severely burnt at fires, ordinarily, 
-during the days following, suffer with inflammation of the respiratory 
mucous membrane, and, sometimes, tracheotomy has to be performed 
to relieve an acute cedematous or pseudo-membranous laryngitis. 
Transfusions of blood and injections of salt water have been recom- 
mended against the destruction of blood-corpuscles and other altera- 
tions that may affect animals suffering with extensive burns. What- 
ever the condition, extent or degree of the injury, bleeding is forbidden. 
Some burns require special treatment. Some of them are due to 
chemical substances, which must be neutralized, or the diffusion of 
which must be prevented. After the washing of these burns, the acids 
are neutralized by the alkalines, and vice versa. If the lesion has been. 
made by an acid, an alkaline solution of carbonate of soda, or of potash, 
