164 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
circumscribed or extensive burns, regular or irregular. The skin is 
marked with lines or narrow bands, angular or in zigzag ; sometimes 
the hair is destroyed upon wide surfaces. In piebald cows, Urbain 
has seen the burns affecting only the region covered with white hair. 
Deep burns of the dermis, of the subcutaneous connective tissue, and 
of the muscles have been observed. In general the high regions of the 
body are affected—the head, neck, and withers.* 
When lightning strikes a building containing a certain number of ani- 
mals, some standing, others lying down, it is quite often the former that 
are seriously or fatally affected. In a stable of nine horses, four that 
were lying down escaped and the others were struck ; two were killed on 
the spot, two remained blind, the fifth was paralyzed (Ziegenbein.) In 
a barn in which there were seven cows and a calf, the calf became lame 
only; all the cows were killed. In 1883, in the stud of St. George’s, 
six thoroughbreds were struck with lightning. The stable included six 
compartments arranged in two rows, and each contained two horses ; 
the lightning killed the animals of the first and sixth compartments ; 
spared those of the second, and killed one in the third and one in the 
fifth. No trouble was observed on those surviving, except two 
seemed to be somewhat stupefied for a day (Garcin). Sometimes the 
victims are more numerous : in 1892, at Alhowa, near Munster, light- 
ning killed 300 sheep returning to the sheepfold. 
Electric discharges are liable to produce in animals serious and, at 
times, fatal accidents. Woherling records two cases of this nature; a 
horse, harnessed to a cab, while trotting, fell down a few moments after 
passing over a metallic plate covering the electric light wires; it 
exhibited numbness and muscular tremblings, which subsided in a few 
hours. A mare passing over the same plate fell suddenly, killed. 
‘There was no burn on the surface of the body; at the fost mortem 
examination the heart was found flabby and the lungs and nervous 
centers congested. 
The principal accidents for which one may be called upon to interfere 
are: paralysis (Roloff, Barenbach, Dehaye, Ziegenbein, Steffen) ; cramps 
(Curdt); burns (Curdt, Roloff, Urbain, Hering, Meyerheine, Lucas) ; 
phlegmasia of mucous membranes (Boellmam, Curdt); ocular lesions 
(Boellmann, Lehnhardt). 
When the animal is still lying on the ground, incompletely restored to 
itself, one must try to revive its forces by dry or irritating frictions, 
* Liautard writes on the effects of lightning on horses the result of a thunder 
storm striking a breeding establishment, where one stallion remained unhurt and an- 
other, Pancoast, was found “ prostrate, lying in a heap on his off-side, with profuse 
-epistaxis from both nostrils;” he exhibited symptoms of general paralysis: the 
left side of the head was principally affected. He ultimately recovered. (American 
Vet. Review, vol. 12, page 202.) 
