168 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS, 
first matter for interference. When anzmia occurs suddenly the 
serious symptoms which appear indicate an imminent syncope, which 
must be prevented by placing the bead of the animal in a dependent 
position, and practising flagellation and artificial respiration. Hypo- 
dermic injections of ether are also recommended. If one succeeds in 
bringing the subject to, water should be freely given to satisfy the great 
thirst which it will exhibit! Well-regulated hygienic measures, heavy 
feeding and tonics will be sufficient, generally, for a complete recovery. 
When once hemostasis is assured, tonics and abundant feeding must 
be resorted to in cases of chronic anzmia. 
IIT. 
TRAUMATIC EMPHYSEMA. 
Produced by the infiltration into the cellular tissue of air or of gas 
from the digestive tracts, traumatic emphysema is characterized by a 
soft, circumscribed or diffuse tumefaction, crepitant and painless. It 
is quite frequently observed as a complication of narrow penetrating 
wounds of the nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, lungs or costal 
walls ; and also has been seen after wounds of the larynx, which were 
made through the mouth, in rough manipulations to push forward for- 
eign bodies arrested in the cesophagus (Barbotte) : under the influence 
of the respiratory movements, the air enters the subcutaneous or sub- 
mucous cellular tissue, spreads little by little, and makes the charac- 
teristic crepitating tumefaction. Wounds of the axilla or of the groin, 
and some peri-articular solutions of continuity, are often accompanied 
with it and sometimes with general emphysema. The patient men- 
tioned by Bouret had a wound on the inner face of the elbow: he 
became enormous, monstrous; his limbs had the size ofa child’s body ; 
his body was as if it had been inflated ; the neck and all the superior 
and posterior parts of the head were in thiscondition. In these wounds 
of the axilla and of the groin the edges of the solution of continuity 
separate by the motions due to abduction of the leg, the air enters by a 
kind of aspiration ; and by a motion due to adduction, it is squeezed 
into the connective tissue of the surrounding parts. Analogous pheno~ 
mena take place with peri-articular wounds. 
The subcutaneous emphysema of sheep, quite frequent in animals 
traveling in flocks, is almost always the result of penetrating bites on 
the neck ; the trachea opens, the air is pushed into the subcutaneous 
connective tissue by the action of the lung, the emphysema appears 
successively in the throat, the cheeks, forehead, and round the eyes ; 
it extends to other regions where the looseness of the cellular tissue 
permits the progression of the air, and in a few hours is generalized 
