Igo VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
be removed, without disturbing the parts any more than necessary, 
without enlarging the wound, and without exeresies. ‘The bistoury, 
curette, or cautery should be used only in cases where portions of 
tissues are seriously bruised, crushed, and destined to gangrene, or 
are already necrosed. ‘The purification of the traumatic center should 
be completed by a fresh irrigation, by balneation, or by atomization, 
according to the case. Afterwards it should be covered by a protective 
or isolating coat (carbolated or iodoformed vaseline). Finally the 
patients shall be removed from etiological influences which promote 
the action of tetanigenous elements: cold, rain, dampness. Under 
ordinary circumstances, veterinarians cannot realize in their practice 
the conditions of asepsis necessary to prevent tetanus entirely, but it 
is always possible to avoid those tetanic enzootia, which are so com- 
monly reported; for this, it is sufficient to take stringent measures for 
disinfection, and see that there is perfect asepsis of the hands, instru- 
ments, and objects which come in contact with the wound. 
Injections of antitetanic serum give # temporary immunity lasting at 
least fifteen days, but ordinarily remains from three to five weeks. 
First advocated for man by Vaillard, recommended by Nocard, they are 
absolutely efficacious, providing they are repeated at intervals of ten 
days, as long as tetaniferous or suspect centers are existing. Out of 
more than 2,000 wounded or operated which have been immunized by 
this serum, only one took lockjaw. In the practices where these facts 
have been observed and during the time the serum was used, nearly 
200 cases of tetanus were observed in horses that were not injected 
(Nocard). To wounded or operated large animals, as early as 
possible an injection of 10 Cc. is made under the skin and renewed 
after ten days. When the trauma is extensive, complicated, sup- 
purating for a long time, it may be necessary to make two or three 
‘other injections at intervals of twelve or fifteen days. With small 
animals, two doses of 5 Cc. are made. As long as the blood contains 
a sufficient quantity of antitoxine, the animals are protected. The 
serum is delivered in vials of 10-20 Cc.; it keeps its properties for 
several months. Let us remark that preventive serotherapy is practi- 
cally applicable only to animals affected of wounds of operation or by 
accident, which have a certain gravity. But tetanus occurs quite 
frequently after slight wounds of the extremities, or after lesions which 
are overlooked. 
Among the numerous curative treatments recommended, including 
the most recent, none has shown a great superiority over the others or 
succeeded in establishing itself. There have been recommended as 
surgical means, bleeding, cauterization, free excision of peritraumatic 
tissues, amputation, neurotomy, neurotripsy, polyneurotomy, stretching 
of nerves, even castration for horses; and cases of recovery have 
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