208 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
use of a more or less appropriate treatment, the part played by this 
treatment is very problematical and not well defined” (Galtier). 
The local therapeutic means are the penetrating point, firing and the 
injection of tincture of iodine and carbolic acid or corrosive sublimate 
water in the tumor. Stimulants (alcohol, acetate of ammonia) and anti- 
septics (carbolic acid, cresyl) form the basis of the internal treatment. 
The proportion of recoveries does not go over 3 to 5 per cent. 
The disease is the subject of special sanitary measures. 
II. 
BACTERIDIAN ANTHRAX. 
Frequent in horses, cattle and sheep, dacteridian anthrax is rare in 
pigs and carnivorous animals. Its specific agent—bacteridia—may enter 
the organism through the digestive or respiratory mucous membranes and 
the skin. Infection by the digestive mucous membrane is the most com- 
mon; it is produced by the spores of anthrax taken in with the food and 
drink. Inoculation ordinarily takes place in infected pastures (champs 
maudits), or when animals eat the feed grown on them, and it is most 
commonly carried through wounds of the buccal or pharyngeal mucous 
membranes (Pasteur, Toussaint). Infection through the lungs (anthrax by 
inhalation) is extremely rare. Infection by the skin, possible in all ani- 
mals, is more common among horses and sheep than among the others. 
It gives rise to the forms known as malgnant pustule, or externalanthrax, 
he only ones which are interesting to our subject. Any solution of con- 
tinuity of the skin or of the tegument of natural openings may be its 
starting point. It has sometimes been produced by operations with instru- 
ments which had served for post-mortem examination of anthrax cadavers ; 
by the bite of dogs that had just eaten carbunculous meat, and by the 
stings of insects. Davaine, Bollinger and Zeilinger have given anthrax to 
animals by inoculating the matter obtained by the crushing of flies taken 
on anthrax cadavers. If left upon a wound, even the most superficial, the 
spores develop and are transformed into bacilli, which multiply, invade the 
surrounding tissues, promote in them a violent inflammation and a warm 
and painful tumor, whose dimensions increase rapidly, so that it soon 
presents a mortified center and ancedematous periphery. The bacteridies 
invade the lymphatics, the glands of which become inflamed and present 
constant lesions: hypereemia, tumefaction, hemorrhages and cedematous 
infiltration (Colin). Being erobica, they can penetrate directly into the 
blood, where their multiplication is especially active. 
Their prophylaxis imposes two principal conditions: Keep the animals 
