246 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
center, they soon ulcerate and give escape to blood which sticks to the 
hair; these hemorrhages are produced by filaria, whose last habitat was 
the subcutaneous connective tissue (flaria multipapillosa or hemorrha- 
gica). Successive eruptions are observed during the warm season; the 
disease generally disappears with the cold weather, but it may return the 
following year. Though Brunswig and Liautard have seen animals die 
from anemia following these hemorrhages, death is the exception. The 
rapid cicatrization of the ulcerated pimple is the rule; sometimes sup- 
puration occurs (Lamy). That which renders the affection serious is the 
impossibility of using the animals, some remaining unfit to work for months 
notwithstanding all forms of treatment (Drouilly). 
The therapeutics is simple. Sustain the patients on good food, and 
do not use them when the presence of the pimples interferes with the 
wearing of harness. Wash the wounds with antiseptic solutions. When 
there is suppuration Lamy cauterizes with the hot iron. If the pimple 
is observed at the moment of the spontaneous opening the filaria can be 
extracted and its entrance in the cellular tissue prevented. 
The larve of the f/avia irritans are often the cause of serious com- 
plications of wounds. (See Summer Wounds.) 
We may also mention as a parasitic disease of the skin “a cutaneous 
affection which often attacks hens, turkeys, especially pigeons, and some- 
times geese (Csokor), and to which the name has been given of cutaneous 
psorospermosis, epithelioma contagiosum or molluscum contagiosum.” It 
is characterized by the production of nodosities, warts on the head, which 
can, however, in pigeons cover the whole body. 
Cauterization or ablation of the tumors is the most efficacious treat- 
ment. Disinfection and isolation are to be recommended. 
The connective tissue sometimes lodges psorosperms (Jabianeal gigan- 
tes). Met with in cattle, sheep, goats or swine, they do not seem to 
produce any trouble and offer no interest from a surgical point of view. 
Hydatic cysts give rise sometimes to external growths in the cellular 
tissue. Raymond treated a horse which had a tumor on the costal region 
which healed after seven years, having thrown out a large number of 
echinococci. Villate, Colin, Broquet and Megnin have reported similar 
cases, always in horses. These hydatic cysts at times undergo purulent 
transformation. In an abscess of the temporal fossa Kirkman found a 
handful of hydatids. At the post-mortem examination of a horse killed 
on account of its bad condition, Ranvier and Dehors found a large ab- 
scess extending from the left kidney to the superior border of the ilium; 
the pus contained a hundred or more echinococci. Simple incision and 
puncture followed by iodine injection are insufficient in the treatment 
