384: VETERINARY ‘SURGICAL ‘THERAPEUTICS. 
~which: glue.and unite: the walls together by their free face; in. such, a way, > 
“that.in the center itself, on the articular surface, onthe ‘parts of tendons . 
-which rub and slide over smooth grooves, no false membranes are formed ; , 
‘the freedom of motion is preserved. by that. of the rubbing surfaces. ., 
Inritating frictions give rise by adhesion, far from the center, to the dim, , 
“inution in-the size of the sheaths. Besides this, they, modify the. general. 
vascularity of the membrane, and hence act.upon,its.secretion.”? «yf | 4 
-A; high fever: and severe lgcal: phenomena may’ demand : pulverized | 
douches or. cold lotions. on, the, region ; but if the operation has.been well: , 
“done, no. serious accident is to be feared.» 0 ps eps ye Ces ghvegys ; 
:The entrance, of.airin, the synovial is without. influence upon.t he subse- . 
“quent manifestations. Complications attributed to it are the results of 
-other causes. Many “injections are made without ‘washing of the skin, or 
clipping the hair ; “is\it-surprising-that suppuration’ should occur? It has 
-also happened that a fraction, of the = Zodlined. golution, has. been, siecked 3 in 
the subcutaneous tissue. 2 es s 
Leblanc and Thierry have made a series ot thirty- five injections io in 
‘joints, 7 in mucous burse, ro, in tendinous | ‘sheaths and 2 in the pleura) 
without having ‘had’ a ‘single accident. Less’ ‘skilful and less clean operators 
hhave had afterwards suppurative inflammation of the dropsical synovia 
_—a complication which, in a number of cases, has ended fatally. 
Tincture of iodine is not the only fluid to‘use ; phenic acid at 3-5 ‘pe 
too; thymic acid at 5 p. 1000; sublimate 1 p. 1000 and most of the 
-almost concentrated antiseptic solutions have beén used. Chlorhydrate 
-of morphine and ergotine have given to Laffitte excellent results. Biot 
has related successes obtained by the injection of blood. Stottmeister has 
~récommended -the injection.of 5 to 10o.centigrammes of eserine. dissolved. 
~in 5 to 10 grammes of water, 
When the serous is much thickened or fina with a fibrinous deposit. 
ordinarily, all those means fail. It is in those severe cases hat it is, 
advised to open the synovial. 
d 
«The incision. of .a: tendinous synovial may be done. in rail species, “with. 
© on accidents—providing the rules of asepsy are minutely carried out. In- 
‘the horse, if one has a convenient local, and is assisted by one or two: 
-assistants familiar with the work, most rigorous asepsy can be made. - But, 
-in ordinary practice, it is difficult to realize all-the, necessary requirements 
-and_on that account veterinarians will do well to leave the incision of, 
“synovials alone. It is, however, well known that. the opening of ‘the., 
sheaths’ of the extensor tendons is far: less, dangerous, than that. of- the 
‘flexors—as claimed rightly by Gtinther and Méller. = 
If we wish to make the incision, here is .the manner to, proceed : 
“twenty-four to forty-eight hours before the operation, the Tegion is dis- 
