THROMBUS. 363 
this indication is neglected or imperfectly complied with, and yet no 
accident follows. In fact, it is very rare. 
When it occurs, phlebotomy is advised, pressures on the thorax, artifi- 
-cial respiration. When it happens during bleeding at the jugular, it is 
recommended to apply immediate pressure in the jugular groove, con-. 
‘tinue to draw blood and even open another, so as to open a double way 
‘to escape with blood and the air it carries. (Bouley.) 
In other cases, the vein is to be closed at once on the central end, with 
‘the finger or a forcipressure forceps, then have recourse to pressures on 
the chest and artificial respiration. When the severe symptoms have 
subsided, ligature is applied on the vessel. 
IL. 
THROMBUS. 
Thrombus is frequent in horses after bleeding. Often, even when the 
operation is well performed, a small tumor develops at the point where 
it has been open. The formation of an extra-venous clot is certain ; it is 
the condition of the closing of the prick which has been made on the 
vessel; but when the bloody extravasation thus produced is small and 
infectious elements are not introduced in the wound, its resorption is 
rapid. The expression “ thrombus” must mean bloody tumors of some 
‘size, developed after a venous puncture, whose resorption takes place 
-only slowly or terminates by suppuration. 
Rare in ruminants, it is common in horses. Bleeding on the veins of 
the leg, specially the axilla and the subcutaneous thoracic, are ordinarily 
-accompanied with it. 
The termination of thrombus depends on the presence or the absence 
-of pathogenous micro-organisms in the clot. When no infectious element 
has been introduced in the wound by the flame, the resorption of the 
bloody tumor takes place by degrees and most ordinarily it is completed 
in a few days. 
In contrary cases, it remains, inflames, becomes warm and painful; 
-soon fluctuation is detected ; the thrombus is purulent. It is possible that 
the infectious process reaches the vein, extends to the clot of the borders 
-of the puncture and promotes phlebitis. The. inflammation may spread 
more or less along the vein and give rise to a warm, painful swelling, 
‘simulating a phlebitis, and yet the circulation remains in the vessel. 
When the ligature applied on the pin has been too tight, inflamma- 
‘tion of the thrombus may end in the mortification of the cutaneous 
squeezed spot; this sloughed, the bloody tumor is widely exposed; it _ 
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