368 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
in cattle, on the testicular; in cows, on the mammary; in pigs and dogs, 
-on the scrotal veins. In a two-year-old filly, Debloc has observed a varice 
of the mammary vein as big as the head of a child. The extreme rarity 
of hemorrhoids in all animal species is explained by the direction of the 
pudic veins, and by the less pressure of the current of the blood, in these 
-vessels, in animals than in man. 
The varicous dilatation of the saphena at the fold of the hock must 
not be mistaken for the synovial dropsies found in that region. Varices 
of the mammary veins, in bovines, may become voluminous, but do not 
give rise to serious complications. Deep venous ectasis are accompanied 
with dumbness, stiffness of the extremities and more or less pain. 
Varices are lesions of a slow, chronic development. In general they 
remain permanently, stationary or increasing little by little. Spontaneous 
‘recovery is possible by the formation of adhesive phlebitis, which obliter- 
-ates the vessel. Left to themselves, they may become complicated with 
phlegmonous inflammation, ulceration and hemorrhage. In the case of 
Gillibert, the rupture of a varice of the axilliary vein was followed by 
-death. 
The principal means of treatment of superficial varices are: pressure, 
cauterization, ligature, extirpation and coagulating injections. 
Radical cure of veins is seldom undertaken in horses. If it is to be 
-attempted, a simple or double ligature should be applied above and below 
the dilatation, with all required antiseptic precautions. In the case related 
“by Debloc, he made on the tumor two punctures with the fleam, closed 
with pin suture and applied blisters. Notwithstanding the result, in this 
-case, ligature is better. 
If surgical interference is not resorted to, douches, cold baths or 
pressure with bandages are indicated. 
