402 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
This paralysis of the antea and postea spinatus is ordinarily indicated. 
by slight continued lameness, which, at the outset at least, is sometimes. 
difficult to connect with its true cause. At rest, the leg is carried a little 
forward of the plumb line, the scapulo humeral prominence is carried. 
outward. In walking, the movement of the leg forward is stiff; at the 
time of putting the foot down, the shoulder angle is more prominent than. 
the other and is carried in abduction. Later, when the atrophy of the 
sus and sub-spinatus muscles or of this one alone is well accused, the seat. 
of the disease is evident. Then the lameness becomes more manifest. 
after a certain length of work and the animal is unfit for fast work. 
Goubaux has related an interesting case of paralysis of the sus and sub- 
scapular nerves and of the axillary, observed in a horse, which, while 
galloping, had.run against the hub of a truck. The shock brought on an 
immediate lameness which resisted several- treatments. Two months. 
after the accident, the shoulder was thinned, atrophied, the elbow greatly 
bent outwards with a deviation which increased during walking. At the 
moment of rest, the weight of the body produced a certain amount of 
dropping of the extremity. At post-mortem a marked atrophy of the 
sus and sub-scapular muscles was found, also of the long and short abduc- 
tors of the arm and of the sub-scapularis. 
Recovery occurs in about half of the cases. Moller out of ten observa- 
tions, obtained three recoveries, three improvements and four failures. 
Traumatic paralysis implies a more serious prognosis than those of rheu- 
matoid nature. When the atrophy is already great, in general all treat-. 
ments fail. Revulsive frictions, firing, irritating subcutaneous frictions. 
form the base of the therepeutics. Electricity, used as we have said, may 
render some service. Hansen says he obtained good results with hypo- 
dermic injections of spirits of turpentine. We prefer the subcutaneous. 
injections of veratrine solutions (veratrine 10 centig.; water 5 grams.) 
According to Goubaux, many have seen this paralysis resist to the firing: 
of the shoulder. But the lameness is slight, and allows the use of the animals. 
at slow work. 
IT—Brachial Plexus. 
This paralysis is sometimes of encephalic origin; in this case, it is. 
preceded by other troubles, which may appear with it or after. In a. 
horse affected suddenly with paralysis of the right hind leg, and two days. 
later with a paralysis of the anterior corresponding leg, at the au- 
topsy, hemorrhage of the cerebellum was found. Another horse which 
presented symptoms somewhat similar recovered after three weeks. 
Very generally this paralysis is due to local causes: a sub-scapular 
hemorrhage (Holniann), a deep abscess, a tumor of the internal face of 
