PARALYSIS, 403 
the shoulder. It often occurs as accident of casting. When one of the 
anterior extremities remains for a long time in crossed position, the plexus 
may be bruised or compressed between the shoulder and the trunk; when 
the animal is up, a more or less complete paralysis of the extremity is 
observed. Almost always it is the leg upon which the animal is lying 
which is affected; the accident may occur even when the leg has not 
been displaced. The horse of which Trasbot speaks lay on the right 
side, and the left anterior leg secured above the corresponding hock; 
the right foreleg, left-in the hobble, was the one which became para- 
lyzed. : 
According to the degree of the lesions, one will observe a paresis of the leg 
with tremblings of the olecranon muscles, but these will ordinarily disappear 
rapidly ; at other times, when paralysis is complete, the inert extremity is 
dragged upon the ground, carrying weight is impossible, the articulations 
flex: under it. The troubles of sensibility are less clear. When motility 
is abolished, sensibility may yet persist normal or be only diminished. 
The treatment must necessarily vary according to the producing cause. 
Large callous tumors prevent interference. If an abscess develops under 
the shoulder, in the depth of the axilla, pressing upon the plexus, it must 
be opened early. <A bloody effusion is less dangerous; ordinarily it 
resorbs by degrees and the leg recovers its motility. 
We treat the paralysis of casting by immobilization, stimulating frictions 
(camphorated alcohol, charge of Lebas, blisters) and by the daily admin- 
istration of 10 or 20 grammes of iodide of potassium. Irritating sub- 
cutaneous injections may be used with advantage. ‘Trasbot’s patient was 
first left alone on a thick bed, but, on account of threatening bed sores, he: 
was placed in slings. The twelfth day, as the fore-leg was improving, 
. general troubles occurred, the right hind leg was paralyzed in its turn; 
complications due to ‘ascending neuritis, spread to the spinal cord.” 
_ Recovery took place, however, rapidly. 
lll.—Radial Nerve. 
1 
The radial, or posterior humeral nerve, is the largest of the branches of 
the brachial plexus ; it twists around the shoulder joint, reaches the internal 
of the humerus, its posterior face, then the anterior face of the elbows and 
that of the radius; it ramifies in the extensors of the fore-arm, those of the 
metacarpus, the external flexor of the metacarpus and the two extensors 
of the phalanges. This paralysis has been frequently observed in horses, 
sometimes in cattle (Harms) and dogs (Mdller). We have seen numerous 
cases in horses and one in dog. 
Like the preceding, it is generally due to the securing of horses in 
