466 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS, 
the point of ligamentous insertions. Exostosis of the rachidian column 
take place also at the insertions of the inferior common vertebral, in- 
terspinal or articular ligaments (Goubaux and Barrier). Whatever may 
be the power of a muscle, exostosis are almost never found at the point. 
of insertion of its terminal tendons. The few exceptions to this rule are 
met with in tendinous cords, which on some parts of their course play the: 
part of ligaments. These facts are easily explained, if itis thought that the- 
ligaments of extremities have to support the reactions from the ground,’ 
while tendons stand only the more or less powerful actions of the muscles. 
they terminate, which is far inferior to the great traction that the whole 
mass of the body, sometimes loaded heavily or animated by rapid gait,. 
gives to the agents having for duty to hold the articular surface in rela- 
tion (Barrier). ‘Traumatisms are frequent causes of exostosis. Violent. 
pressures, surrounding inflammations, youth, heredity, play a more or 
less important part in their development. Let us mention the exostosis. 
called osteogenical, appearing without evident cause, and among them, in 
particular, the cranian exostosis met often in bovines (Goubaux). 
The manifestations given by exostosis vary according to their seat, age: 
and size. Renault has seen in a horse two bony growths of the frontal. 
portion of the cranian cavity which gave rise to immobility, by pressure 
upon the brain. Neyraud has mentioned a case of paraplegia due to- 
strangulation of the spinal cord by an intra-rachidian exostosis. Bony 
tumors of the pelvis, often following fractures, may wound or perforate. 
the bladder or the intestines (Bouley Jr., Coulbaux, Patu) or interfere 
considerably, with parturition (Favre). 
But the most frequent and most important exostosis, from the point of 
view of practice, are those that develop on the bones of the extremities. 
_of our animals used as motors. During the whole course of thé osteitis 
which prepare and develop them, they may interfere with tendons, disturb. 
the regular functions of joints, press upon blood-vessels or nerves. 
After Hunter and Cooper, some authors, to make bony tumors disap- 
pear, have recommended the administration of diluted mineral acids— 
a poor, way which has never given good results. If success has been 
claimed, it must be attributed to the evolution of the organism alone. 
The existence in young horses of bony growths which are temporary, and 
are resorbed with age, is well known. Many practitioners, Liard and 
Gillibert among them, have mentioned cases of spontaneous disparition of 
these exostosis. In general, however, those tumors are tenacious. To- 
obtain their resolution, blisters and alteratives have been recommended, 
Tincture of iodine, charge of Lebas, that of Girard, have had their day. 
To-day, cantharidis blister, that of mercury, red ointment, are the prepara- 
tions most in use. Bichromate of potasse, tried first by Neff, Foelen, has: 
