496 , VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
Such are the treatments to apply, against recent sprains. But 
numerous patients are brought to us that are lame for some time, and 
when already the joint has received several applications of those liquid 
preparations which are so common to-day. Against those old lamenesses, 
numerous treatments are advocated. Setons, rowels, are yet to-day jn - 
great repute; two, three, four are. applied on the surface of the 
shoulder. The “ monster” seton of Gaullet is not much used now ;. 
it had no special efficacy, and was more dangerous than the other. If 
setons are applied, one should be placed in front of the shoulder, the other 
on the external face; they should be about 20 centimeters long. The 
soreness that they produce helps in immobilizing the joint, they act also 
as derivatives and promote the resorption of exudated products (Bouley). 
Lines, deep pointed, subcutaneous cauterization, are the choice means 
against old sprains. Potential caustics ( sulphate of copper, arsenic,subli- 
mate) used as trochiscus, have been recommended by some practitioners. 
Rey introduced under the skin, 2 gramms of sublimate corrosive and 
left them for 24 hours. “ Fifty-three horses were submitted to this 
treatment, 35 for shoulder and 18 for hip lameness; all were cured, 
except three, two of which were lame for a very long time; in the third 
‘the true nature of the affection was not positively located”! Statis- 
tics of this nature are not to be depended upon. 
Against * chronic sprains,” subcutaneous injections of veratrine (1 
gramm. in 5 gramms of water) have been recommended ; they give rise 
to a local irritation which stimulates the muscular regeneration (Gerlach, 
Liibke, Moller). Injections of ether and spirits of turpentine are too ir- 
ritating. Cruzel and Pages have used in cattle, subcutaneous in- 
jections of a concentrated solution of common salt: 25 cubic centi- 
metres in five injections envelopng the shoulder-joint. ‘ 
Let us now mention the means whose object is to produce in 
the injured structures forced movements which may stimulate organic 
changes. Old practitioners made the animal swim morning and even- 
ing fora quarter of an hour: they even obliged him to walk on the lame 
leg, by taking the sound leg off the weight of the body, either in placing 
a thick cork shoe on that foot or by raising the leg altogether and tying 
it to the forearm. : 
The treatment of Luchow was more complicated. The shoulder was 
first rubbed with the following mixture: ; 
Liquor ammonia 
Spir. of turpentin. 
Camphor. alcoh. 
Tinct. of soap 
32 gramms 
48 gramms 
1 Rey—compte rendu des travaux de 1’Ecole de Lyon. Rec. Med. Vet. 1841. 
