516 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS, 
_ViTT—Luxation of the Fibula. 
Intimately fixed to the tibia by numerous short and strong fasiculi, it 
is rare for the fibula to be violently separated from the tibia. There 
are, however, some cases known. «Behnke has published the case of a 
_ mare, which, after a jump, became suddenly lame on one hind leg; this 
_ was stiff and the standing impossible. These conditions lasted, and a 
big swelling took place on the superior part of the leg. The animal, of 
little value, was killed. At the post-mortem the fibula was found loose 
from the tibia and imbedded in the muscles of the leg. The inter- 
osseous ligaments had been torn. It is probable that the fibula could 
become immobilized in its abnormal position and the locomotion 
returns normal ; but recovery would take a long time. 
1IX.— Hock Joint. 
Luxations of the hock are rare. Some observations are related 
in the horse by Louchard, Blavette, Rey, Gavard, Stockfleth, Haub- 
ner; in cattle by Havemann; in sheep, dogs and cats by Stotk- 
fleth, The anatomical character and the severity of the lesions 
vary. Sometimes there is luxation of the astragalus; at others the dis- 
location takes place below it, between the lower bones or between 
the cuneiforms and the metatarsal. The dislocation, ordinarily incom- 
plete, is often accompanied with ligamentous and cutaneous lacer- 
ations, fractures or crushing of bones. Let us mention the observation 
of Rey: A horse, used to pull railroad cars, caught his left hind foot. 
between a switch and a rail; he was thrown. Raised, he cannot stand 
on the disabled leg; the hock is seriously injured ; there is crepitation ; 
the animal is destroyed. At the post-mortem there was found a luxation 
‘of the hock between the two rows of the flat bones of the joints with lacer- 
ation of the external and interosseous ligaments, a rupture of the cord 
of the flexor metatarsi, a fracture of the large cuneiform and exter- 
nal metatarsal. Gavard has related a case of tibio-tarsal luxation. In 
a collision between two tramways, a horse was thrown down. When 
raised, at rest, there were but little or no symptoms; but as soon as 
called to move the right posterior leg was not raised from the ground but 
dragged forward. By exploration, a hard projection, formed by the 
extremity of the tibia, was felt on the inside. The horse was destroyed. 
“The tibia, violently raised and pushed inwards by the blow, had left 
the external border of the trochlea of the astragalus and was resting’ by 
"its external groove on the internal border of the astragalus. forming 
inside by its second groove the prominence found during life. The 
