554 VETERINARY SURGICAL THERAPEUTICS. 
pathogenic doctrine. Lecoq advised bleeding, repeated emollient. 
lotions, cold baths, lotions with sulphate of iron; the mother was sub- 
mitted to a severe diet, and the young one deprived of part of its 
ration. Darreau praised purgatives (sulphate of soda, aloes), with 
applications of populeum onthe joints. The infectious theory of the 
disease calls particularly the attention to its prophylaxy: avoid the 
infection of the umbilical cord, purify it with strong antiseptic solution 
if it is soiled ; keep the place where the animal is as clean as possible; 
such is the indication. Bollinger recommends to ligate the cord, assist 
the cicatrization of the umbilical wound with antiseptics and apply on 
the abdomen a protective bandage or more simply a coat of tar. The 
stable should be well aired; the faeces and dirty bedding removed often. 
The curative treatment includes the disinfection of the umbilical 
region (phenic or cresyled water) and the application on the wound of 
antiseptic vaseline. Some practitioners continue to give purgatives 
(sulphate of soda and cream of tartar); others antiseptics (calomel, salol, 
napthol). Salicylate of soda (2 to 8 grammes) has little effect. Stimu- 
lants (alcohol, wine, coffee) are indicated to sustain the patient. Against 
the articular tumefactions, therapeutics can do but little. To the popu- 
leum will be preferred vaseline, with or without antiseptic or narcotic sub- 
stances. If suppuration occurs free exit must be allowed, by opening. 
the collection, and then treat with antiseptics. Muscular abscesses 
demand the same means. But when such serious lesions exist it is more 
economical to sacrifice the subject. 
Against chronic articular swellings blisterings and cauterization will 
be resorted to. As remarked by Darreau, those synovial tumors are 
ordinarily very difficult to remove. 
VIII. 
HYDARTHROSIS. 
Dropsies of articular synovials have numerous causes—contusions, 
luxations, sprains, peri-articular wounds, inflammations of joints. Often 
during these affections the articular synovial “swells more or less pain- 
fully” on its weak points through an effusion which takes place in its 
cavity. Sometimes these phenomena gradually diminish and leave 
nothing after them; at others, the acute symptoms diminish and the 
hydarthrosis remains. In animals used as motors, they are ordinarily 
seen developing without noticeable inflammatory manifestations. Soft, 
fluctuating tumors, painless, appear in some parts of the joint; they 
increase little by little, and at last give rise to lameness. Few horses, 
used for a long time to hard work, are free from them. Let us remark 
