32 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 
ing of the buds; while other buds have the stipules of 
the leaves as bud-scales; these remain on the twigs for 
a time in the Ts -{ree; and drop immediately in the 
Magnolia. 
Forms or Bups.—The size of buds varies greatly, as 
before stated, but this difference in size is no more marked 
than the difference in form. There is no better way to rec- 
ognize a Beech at 
any time of the 
year than by its 
very long, slen- 
der, and sharp- 
pointed buds. The 
obovate and al- 
Y moststalked buds 
\, of the Alders are 
_¥ also very conspic- 
¥ uous and pecu- 
liar. Inthe Balsam 
Poplar the buds 
are large, sharp- 
pointed, and gum. 
my; in the Ailan- 
thus they cannot 
be seen. 
All the things 
that might be 
learned from a 
small winter twig cannot be shown in an engraving, but 
the figures here given illustrate some of the facts easily 
determined from such specimens. The first twig (Ash) 
had opposite leaves and is 3 years old (the end of each 
year’s growth is marked by dotted lines on all the figures); 
the year before last it had 6 leaves on the middle portion; 
last year it had 8 leaves on the end portion and 12 on the 
side shoots of the middle portion. The buds near the 
Fig. 15. . 
