Q. 87] CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION 101 
D. Fruit small (34-1 in.), sour, much sunken at the stem end 
and but little at the other (Crab-apples). (E.) 
E. Leaves very narrow; fruit 14 in 
E. Leaves broad; fruit lin....... 
AudeiedRe Sasrcesiscuceens asians 2. 
purine cee suerte 3. 
D. Fruit usually obovate, not sunken at the stem end (Pears).4. 
1. Pyrus Malus, L. (Common APPLE- 
TREE.) Leaves simple, ovate, evenly cre- 
nate or serrate, smooth on the upper 
surface and woolly on the lower. Flowers 
large (1 in.), white, tinged with pink, in 
small corymbs. May. Fruit large, sunken T 
at both ends, especially at base; ripe from 
August to October, according to variety. A 
flat-topped tree, 20 
to40 ft. high, culti- 
vated in hundreds 
of named varie- 
ties; from Europe. 
P. Malus. 
2. Pyrus angustifolia, Ait. (NarRow- 
LEAVED CRAB-APPLE.) Leaves simple, lance- 
olate or oblong, often acute at base, mostly 
serrate, smooth. Flowers large (% in.), rose- 
colored, fragrant, in small, simple, umbel- 
like clusters. Fruit very sour, small (4 in.). 
Twigs lead-colored and speckled. A small 
tree, 12 to 20 ft. high. Pennsylvania and 
ere southward. 
P. angustifolia. 
3. Pyrus coronaria, L. (AMERICAN OR 
GARLAND CRAB-APPLE.) Leaves simple, 
oyate, often rather heart-shaped, cut-ser- 
rate, often 3-lobed, soon smooth. Flowers 
large (34 in.), few, ina cluster, rose-colored, 
very fragrant. Fruit very sour and astrin- 
gent, flattened, broad, 1 in. or more in di- 
ameter, yellowish green. Small tree, 10 to 
-25 ft. high; New-York, west and south, also 
frequently cultivated. 
1 
2 
P. coronaria. 
4. PYrus comminis, L. (ComMMoN PEAR-TREE.) Leaves simple, 
ovate, serrate, smooth on both sides, at least when mature. Flowers 
large (over 1 in.), white, with purple anthers. April and May 
