G. 38] CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION 103 
(sometimes abruptly sharp-pointed), usually 
doubly serrate with rather spreading teeth, 
generally pale beneath. Leaf-buds some-. 
what hairy. Flowers and berries larger, but 
in smaller clusters, than the preceding spe- ¥ 
cies. The berries globose when ripe, 14 in. 
broad, bright red. This species, much like 
Pyrus Americana, is found wild in northern 
New England and westward. P, sambucifdlia. 
9. Pyrus aucuparia, Gaertn. (EuRo- 
PEAN MOUNTAIN-ASH, OR ROWAN-TREE.) 
Much like Pyrus Americana, but the leaf- 
lets are paler and more obtuse, with their 
lower surface downy. Leaf-buds blunter 
and densely covered with hairs. Flowers 
larger, 44 in. or more in diameter. Fruit 
also much larger, sometimes nearly 14 in. 
in diameter. Beautiful tree, 20 to 30 ft. 
_ P- aucuparia, high, often cultivated. 
Genus 88. CRATZIGUS. ° 
Thorny shrubs or small trees with simple, alternate, 
serrate, doubly serrate or lobed leaves. Flowers cherry- 
like blossoms, usually white in color and growing in 
corymbs, generally on the ends of side shoots; in spring. 
Fruit a berry or drupe with 1 to 5 bony stones, tipped 
with the 5 persistent calyx-teeth; ripe in autumn. 
* Calyx, stipules, bracts, etc., often glandular. (A.) 
A. Flowers and fruit often over 6inacluster. (B.) 
B. Leaves usually abrupt at base.................... eee ee 1. 
B. Leaves usually attenuate at base................. pebes 2. 
A. Flowers and fruit few, 1 to 6 in a cluster............... 10. 
* Calyx, etc., without glands (No. 4 has glandular teeth to the 
calyx); flowers many ina cluster. (C.) 
0. Leaves more or less tapering at base. (D.) 
D. Leaves generally lobed ; cultivated, rarely escaped..... 3. 
D. Leaves rarely lobed; native. (E.) 
E. Leaves small, shining, crenate at the end............. 5. 
E. Leaves villous or pubescent, at least-when young... .9. 
E. Leaves smooth or only downy at the axils, acutely ser- 
rate. South.....sseeceeeee aug geanigtald dination ae phages 
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