G. 64] CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION 127 
OrpeER XXX. SCROPHULARIACEA. 
(FIGWORT FAMILY.) 
A large order of plants, almost entirely herbaceous; 
found in all climates; it includes one cultivated tree in 
this region. 
Genus 64. PAULOWNIA. 
Tree with opposite (sometimes in whorls of three), large, 
deciduous, palmately veined, heart-shaped leaves. Leaf- 
stem often hollow; minute cup-shaped glands, separated 
from one another, situated on many portions of the leaf, 
but quite abundant on the upper side at the branching of 
the veins. Flowers large, in immense panicles; in spring, 
before the leaves expand. Fruit a dry, ovate, pointed 
capsule, 114 in. long, with innumerable flat-winged seeds; 
hanging on the tree throughout the winter. 
Paulownia imperialis, (IMPERIAL 
PaULOWNIA.) Leaves 7 to 14 in. long, 
sometimes somewhat lobed, usually very 
hairy beneath; 2 buds, almost hidden 
under the bark, above each other in the 
axil. Flowers purple, nearly 2 in. long, 
with a peculiar, thick, leather-like calyx. 
A broad flat-headed tree, of rapid growth 
when young. Cultivated; from Japan; 
and hardy throughout, but the flower-buds 
are often winter-killed north of New 
York city, and the seeds are rarely per- 
fect north of Philadelphia. 
P. imperialis, 
ORDER XXXI. BIGNONIACEZ. 
(BIGNONIA FaAMILy.) 
An order of woody plants abundant in South America; 
- here including one genus of trees: 
