156 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 
11. Quércus ribra, L. (RED Oak.) 
Leaves rather thin, smooth, oblong, 
moderately pinnatifid, sometimes deep- 
ly so, into 8 to 12 entire or sharply 
toothed lobes, turning dark red after 
frost. Acorn oblong-ovoid, 1 in. or less 
&J long, set in a shallow cup of fine seales, 
with a narrow raised border, 34 to 1 in. 
in diameter; sessile or nearly so. A 
Q. ribra. large tree, 60 to 90 ft. high, with red- 
dish, very coarse-grained wood. Common throughout. 
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12. Quércus coccinea, Wang. (ScaR- 
LET Oak.) Leaves, in the ordinary form 
on large trees, bright green, shining 
above, turning red in autumn, oval or 
oblohg, deeply pinnatifid, the 6 to 8 
lobes divergent and sparingly cut- 
toothed, notches rounded. Acorn 1 to 
34 in. long, roundish, depressed, one half 
or a little more inclosed in a top-shaped, 
coarsely scaled cup; in the axils of the 
leaf-scars of the preceding year. <A 
large handsome tree, 60 to 80 ft. high, 
with grayish bark not deeply furrowed, @. coccinea. 
: interior reddish; coarse-grained reddish 
wood. Moist or dry soil. Common. 
Var. tinctoria. (Quercitron. Yellow- 
barked or Black Oak.) Leaves, espe- 
cially on young trees, often less deeply 
pinnatifid, sometimes barely sinuate. 
Foliage much like that of Quercus rubra. 
Acorn nearly round, 144 to % in. long, 
set in a rather deep, conspicuously scaly 
eup. Bark of trunk thicker, rougher, 
darker-colored and with the inner color 
: orange. Rich and 
a poorsoil. Abundant 
Var. tinetéria: east, but rare west. 
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13. Quércus paltstris, Du Roi. (Swamp, 
SPANISH, OR Pin Oak.) Leaves oblong, deeply 
pinnatifid, with divergent, sharply toothed, 
pbristle-tipped lobes and rounded notches, Q. palustris. 
