G.88) CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION 157 
and with both sides bright green. Acorn globular, hardly 14 in. 
long, cup shallow and saucer-shaped, almost sessile, in the axils of 
last year’s leaf-scars. A handsome, medium-sized tree; wood red- 
dish, coarse-grained. In low ground. Common throughout. 
14. Quércus falcata, Michx. (SPan- 
IsH OAK.) Leaves obtuse or roundish 
at base, 3- to 5-lobed above, the lobes 
prolonged, mostly narrow, and the end 
ones more or less scythe-shaped, bristle- 
tipped, entire or sparingly cut-toothed, 
soft-downy beneath. Foliage very vari- 
able. Acorn 44 to 14 in. long, globose, 
half inclosed in the hemispherical cup ; 
nearly sessile. A tree, 30 to 70 ft. high, 
large and abundant in the South; bark 
thick and excellent for tanning; wood coarse-grained, dark brown 
or reddish. New Jersey, south and west. 
Q. falcata, 
15. Quércus ilicifélia, Wang. (BEAR OR 
BLack Sorus-0Ak.) Leaves obovate, wedge- 
shaped at base, angularly about 5-lobed (3 
to 7), white-downy beneath, 2 to 4 in. long, 
thickish, with short, triangular bristle-tipped 
lobes. Acorn ovoid, globular, 14 in. long. 
A dwarfed, straggling bush, 3 to 10 ft. high. 
Sandy barrens and rocky hills. New Eng- 
land to Ohio, and south. 
16. Quéreus aquatica, Walt. (WaTER- 
OAK.) Leaves thick, subevergreen, obo- 
vate-wedge-shaped, smooth, tapering at 
the base, sometimes obscurely 3-lobed at 
the tip; on the seedlings and the young 
rapid-growing shoots often incised or sin- 
uate-pinnatifid, and then bristle-pointed. 
Acorn small, globular-ovoid, downy, in a 
saucer-shaped cup, very bitter; in the axils 
of leaf-scars of the previous year. A very 
variable tree, 30 to 40 ft. high, with 
smooth bark. Wet ground. Maryland, y 
west and south. : _@. aquatica, 
z 
