162 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 
leaves, without lobes. Stipules often large, leaf-like, and 
more or less persistent through the summer; sometimes 
scale-like and dropping early. The stipules are always 
free from the leafstalk and attached to the twig at small 
spots just below the leafstalk. Even if the stipules have 
dropped off, the small scars remain. Flowers staminate 
and pistillate on separate trees (dicecious), in elongated 
catkins in early spring. Fruit consists of catkins of small 
pods with numerous seeds having silky down at one end. 
The seeds usually drop early. Among the Willows there 
are so many hybrids and peculiar varieties as to render 
their study difficult, and their classification, in some cases, 
impossible. The following Key will probably enable the 
student to determine most specimens. No attempt has 
been made to inelude all the cultivated forms. 
* Spray decidedly weeping. ............. 0. cece cece eee e tee eees 5. 
“ Spray not decidedly weeping. (A.) 
A. Rather small Willows, 10 to 30 ft. high, with broad leaves, 
usually not over twice as long as wide; cultivated. (B.) 
B. Leaves glossy dark green on the upper side, taper-pointed.7 
B. Leaves with white cottony hairs beneath ............. 10. 
B. Leaves rough-veiny beneath ................ 224-000, 13. 
A. Rather large Willows, 12 to 80 ft. high, with the bark of the 
trunk very rough; leaves more elongated. (C.) 
C. Petioles of the leaves not glandular; tree 10 to 40 ft. high. 
(D.) 
D. Leaves green on both sides when mature........ .... 1. 
D. Leaves glaucous beneath ..........0 6. eee eee eee 2. 
C. Petioles of the leaves usually glandular; tree 50 to 80 ft. 
high. (E.) 
E. Young leaves green above and glaucous beneath...... 3. 
E. Young leaves ashy gray or silvery white on both sides.4. 
A. Small trees or almost shrubs, under 18 ft. high; bark of 
trunk rather smooth. (F.) 
&. Leaves ovate rather than lanceolate, sometimes truncate 
or even cordate at base. (G.) 
&. Leaves quite broad, shining on both sides. (H.) 
H. Leaves bright green; twigs polished green........ 6. 
H. Leaves very dark green, strongly fragrant when 
DRUISEd hase ieetae «= RE eRe 7. 
