G. 93) CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTIOIN 171 
Genus 98. PINUS. (THE Prvzs.) 
Leaves needle-shaped, 1 to 15 in. long, almost cylindric, 
2, 3, or 5 together in clusters, with a sheath, more or 
less persistent, at the base. Flowers monecious, both 
staminate and pistillate in catkins, usually insignificant 
and unnoticeable. In spring. Fruit a cone, persistent 
and formed of more or less woody, overlapping scales. 
* Leaves usually 5 together in bundles. (A.) 
A. Leaves 6 in. or more long, glaucous green and very pendu- 
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A. Leaves under 4 in. long. (B.) 
B. Cones over 10 in. long, on stalks 3i in. long, pendulous when 
PIPE ocd a rapeskee Fics cuseeaice oh swale Mb weualulss sue ese 2. 
B. Cones 4to 10in. long. (C.) 
C. Seales of cones thin, unarmed ................... 3, 4. 
C. Scales of cones thick and woody, obtuse, 1 in. broad 
Gan a BAe acai dettca coarse aliaSauie areas eh 1 Eee te tarlenbaet Shop tb gray Hays absense Su 
B. Cones under 4 in. long; scales slightly hooked but point- 
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* Leaves usually in threes, rarely in twos; scales of cones with 
spines or prickles. (D.) 
D. Seales of cones with short, rigid, straight spines; leaves 6 to 
LOM, TONG 6 Sas oir toe daa Se MGs FAR SO Saas: 7. 
D. Seales with sharp, bent prickles. (E.) 
E. Leaves over 5 in. long, sometimes 15 in. long ........ 8, 9. 
E. Leaves 3 to 5 in. long, rigid and flattened, from short 
SH@aths: cise rcueeeeea yess Ga staetneeweekh Bigssaeae es 10. 
* Leaves usually in twos; cones rarely over 3 in. long. (F.) 
F., Leaves over 3in. long. (G.) 
G. Cone-seales with dull spines .............-...0 0.0.00 11, 
G. With small or minute, persistent prickles ’..... 12, 13, 14. 
G. With no prickles, or small ones, early deciduous ...15, 16. 
F. Leaves 3 in. or less long. (H.) 
H. Cone-seales with straight or slightly curved, rigid spines 
Liste REe Ed WS Seni ingat ese ede ee varweMnaes babes 17. 
H. Cone-scales with stout, recurved spines ........... 18, 19. 
B. Cone-seales with small prickles which are early deciduous 
pe aPCeaPEeny yess seated assssod3 gz yaaa eae ere ee 20. 
H. Cone-seales without spines or prickles............. 21, 22. 
