182 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 
4-sided, rigid, stout, rather obtuse, dark shining green, entirely sur- 
rounding the branches. Cones 215 to 3 in. long,’ cylindrical, with 
soft, thin, loose, rounded scales, uneven on the edges. A beautiful, 
conical, slow-growing, compact tree, reaching the height of 75 ft.: 
often cultivated; from the Black Sea. Hardy. 
Genus 95. TSUGA. (HEMLOCKS.) 
Leaves evergreen, scattered, flat, narrowed to a green 
petiole, appearing 2-ranked by the direction they take, 
whitened beneath. Fertile catkins and cones on the end 
of last year’s branchlets. Cones 
pendulous, maturing the first year; 
seales thin, persistent. 
1. Tstga Canadénsis, Carr. (CoMMoN 
HeEmuock.) Leaves short-petioled, linear, 
15 in. long, obtuse, dark green above and 
white beneath; the young leaves in the 
spring a very light green. Cones oval, 
lg to 34 in. long, pendent, of few (20 to 
40) seales. A large, very beautiful tree, 
50 to 80 ft. high, abundant in rocky woods, 
and cultivated throughout; spray light 
T. Canadénsis. and delicate. 
2. Tstga Caroliniana, Engelm. (Moun- 
TAIN-HEMLOCK.) This is similar to the last; 
its leaves are larger, glossier, more crowd- 
ed; its cones 
are larger, and 
have wider and 
more spreading 
scales; the tree 
is smaller,rare- 
ly growing 40 
ft. high. Wild, 
but searce, in 
the higher Al- T. Caroliniana. 
leghanies, south; beginning tobe eultivat- 
ed north, and probably hardy throughout. 
3. Tstga Siebdldii. (Japan HeEm- 
T, Siebdldii. TOCK.) Leaves !5 to 34 in. long, linear, 
