184 TREES OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES 
ored, with mucronate-pointed bracts 
extending beyond the scales and not 
reflexed. Wild in cold, wet grounds; 
20 to 45 ft. high, with numerous hori- 
zontal branches. Has been cultivated 
quite extensively, although there are 
better Firs for ornamental purposes. 
2. Abies Fraseri, Lindl. (Sue 
Barsam Fir.) Leaves % to ¥ in. 
long, somewhat 2-ranked, linear, _ 
flattened, obtuse, emarginate, whit- 
ish beneath, the lower ones curved 
and the upper ones erect. Cones ob- 
long, 1 to 2 in. long, with sharp-pointed 
bracts half exserted and reflexed. A 
rare, small tree, 30 to 40 ft. high, grow- 
ing wild in the mountains, from Vir- 
ginia south. A hardy tree and hand- 
some when young. : 
3. Abies Nordmanniana, Link. 
(NoRDMaANn’s SILVER Fir.) Leaves 
very numerous, crowded, broad, lin- 
ear, blunt or erose-dentate at the 
ends, somewhat curved, of unequal 
length, 1 in. or less long, deep green 
above and whitened beneath. Cones 
large, 5 in. long, ovate, erect, with very 
obtuse scales; bracts exserted and re- A. Nordmanniana, 
curved. A beautiful large 
tree, 50 to 80 ft. high, occa- 
sionally cultivated; with nu- 
merous horizontal branches 
and smooth bark. 
4. Abies firma, S. and 
Z. (Japan SILVER Fir.) 
Leaves ¥ to 1 in. long, very 
closely 2-ranked, slightly 
twisted, linear, somewhat 
notched at the end, smooth 
and dark above, somewhat 
silvery below. Cones 3 to 
4l6 in. long, 1 to 15 ia. 
