204- GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND INDEX TO PART I 
Bark, 12. 
Bases of leaves, 21. 
Berry. Used in this work to include any soft, juicy fruit with sev- 
eral (at least more than one), readily separated seeds buried in the 
mass, 27. 
Bipinnate. Twice-pinnate, 20. 
Bladdery. Swollen out and filled with air. 
Blade. The thin, spreading portion, as of a leaf, 19. 
Bract. A more or less modified leaf belonging to a flower or fruit; 
usually a small leaf in the axil of which the separate flower of a 
eluster grows, 28. 
Branch. A shoot or stem of a plant, 11. 
Branching, general plan of, 29. 
Branchlet. A small branch. 
Bristle-pointed. Ending in a stiff, roundish hair, 22. 
Bud. Undeveloped branch or flower, 30; forms of, 32; bud-seales, 31. 
Bur. Rough-prickly covering of the seeds or fruit, 27. 
Bush. A shrub, 11. 
Calyx. The outer leafy part of a flower, 24. 
Canescent. With a silvery appearance, 23. 
Capsule. A dry, pod-like fruit which has either more than one 
cell, or, if of one cell, not such a pod as that of the pea with the 
seeds fastened on one side on a single line, 28. 
Carpel. That part of a fruit which is formed of a simple pistil, or 
one member of a compound pistil; often shown by a single seed- 
bearing line or part. A fruit has as many carpels as it has seed- 
bearing lines on its outer walls, or as it had stigmas when it was a 
pistil, or as it had leaves at its origin. 
Catkin. A scaly, usually slender and pendent cluster of flowers, 
26, 28. 
Ciliate. Fringed with hairs along its edge. 
Cleft. Cut to about the middle, 22. 
Cluster. Any grouping of flowers or fruit on a plant, so that more 
than one is found in the axil of a leaf, or at the end of a stem, 26. 
Complete. Having all the parts belonging to an organ; a complete 
leaf has blade, leafstalk, and stipules, 19; a complete flower has 
calyx, corolla, stamen, and pistil, 24. 
Compound. Composed of more than one similar part united into a 
whole ; a compound leaf has more than one blade, 19. 
Conduplicate. Folded on itself lengthwise, 33. 
Cone. A hard, scaly fruit, as that of a pine-tree, 28. 
Conical. With a circular base and sloping sides gradually tapering 
to a point; more slender than pyramidal. 
