212 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND INDEX TO PART I 
Twice-pinnate. Applied to a leaf which is twice divided in a pin- 
nate manner, 20. 
Twice-serrate, 22. Twice-crenate, 22. 
Two-ranked. Applied to leaves when they are flattened out in two 
ranks on opposite sides of a stem, 18; also applied to spray when it 
branches out in one plane, 19. 
Umbel. A cluster of flowers or fruit having stems of about equal 
length, and starting from the same point, 26. 
Umbellate. Like an umbel. 
Valvate. Touching edge to edge, 28. 
Veining of leaves, 19. 
Veinlets. The most minute framework of a leaf, 19. 
Veins. The smaller lines of the framework of a leaf, 19. 
Wedge-shaped. Shaped like a wedge; cuneate, 21. 
Whorl. In a circle around the stem, as the leaves of a plant, 18. 
Wings. A blade or leaf-like expansion bordering a part, as a fruit 
or stem, 28. 
Winged. With wing-like membranes. 
Winter study of trees, 29. 
Wood, 12. 
