228 WOODPECKERS. 



uniformly white, and are placed in a hole, generally in a dead tree or 

 limb, hollowed out by the bird. 



KEY TO THE SPECIEa. 



I. No red on the head or nape. 

 A. Entire under parts black. 

 a. Wing about 10-00, bill ivory-white. 



392. IVOBY-BILLED WoODPECZEE 9 . 



M. Under parts white, without blaoli spots or streaks. 

 u. Wing under 4'00 ; outer tail-feathers barred with black. 



39i. DowiTY Woodpecker 9 . 

 i. Wing over 4'00 ; outer tail-featliers white, without black bars. 



393. Hairy Woodpecker 9 . 

 393&. Southern Hairy Woodpecker 9 . 

 C. Under parts with black spots, bars, or streaks. 



a. Back entirely black . . 400. Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. 



b. Back black and white. 



i'. Outer tail-feathers entirely white, crown yellow or spotted with 



white 401. Am. Three-toed Woodpecker. 



A". Outer tail-feathers barred with black, no black patch on the 



breast, ear-coverts white . 395. Eed-cookaded Woodpecker 9 . 



J'. Outer tail-feathers black, with generally a narrow white margin ; 



rump white 406. Eed-headed Woodpecker 9 . 



6*. Outer tail-feathers black and white, a large black patch on the 



breast 402. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 9 . 



II. Whole top of the head red. 

 A. Throat red. 

 u. Primaries spotted with white, belly yellowish. 



402. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 3 . 

 4. Primaries black, rump and belly white. 



40i>. Ked-headed Woodpecker 6 . 

 £. Throat white. 



a. Breast and belly black .... 405. Pileated Woodpecker S . 



b. Breast black or blackish, sides streaked, belly yellowish white. 



402. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 9 . 

 Under parts tinged with red, without streaks or sfiots. 



409. Eed-bellied Woodpecker s . 

 III. Crown black, brown, or gray, a red band across the nape, a red crest on 

 the back of the head, or small patches of red on eitlier side of the 

 nape. 

 A. Under parts black, wing over S'OO. 



a. Bill ivory-white 392. Ivory-billed Woodpecker. 5 . 



J. Bill blackish 405. Pileated Woodpecker 9 . 



Ji. Under parts more or less spotted or streaked with black. 

 «. A black patch on the breast, throat brown, rump white. 



412. Flicker. 



b. Head blaclc, ear-coverts white, u few red feathers on either side of 

 the nape 395. Ked-oockaded Woodpecker 6 . 



