272 FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. 



and Finches are more arboreal. Many species take high rank as song- 

 sters, and some of our favorite cage-birds belong to this family. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



I. Under parts "with red. 

 II. Under parts with no red and without distinct strealis ; throat or breast 



sometimes with a patch or spot. 

 III. Under parts without red and with numerous streaks. 



I. Under parts ■witb red. 



A. Wing-coverts plainly tipped with white or whitish, or with a white 

 or yellow band iu the wing. 



a. No rod in the upper parts. 



ai. Back black, rump whitish, throat black, breast and under wing- 

 coverts rosy red . 595. Eose-breasted Gkosbeak ( 4 ad.). 



a». Back and under parts streaked with black ; under wing-coverts 

 rosy red . . 595, Kose-bheasted Grosbeak ( S im.). 



b. Red on upper parts confined to crown or forehead, and sometimes a 



tinge on the rump ; wing under 3'25. 

 b'. Kump and flanks generally without blackish streaks; feathers 

 of back generally with whitish borders. 



52T. Greenland Eedpoll. 527a. Hoart Bedpoll. 

 b'. Bump and flanks always streaked ; feathers of back with little 

 if any white and generally with brownish bordere. 



528. Eedpoll and races. 

 b'. Back cinnamon-brown, unstreaked ; crown, nape, and sides of 

 the neck black ; a yellow band in the wing. 



European Goldfinch. 



c. Eed or pink spread more or less over entire upper parts ; wing over 



3-25. 

 c'. Tips of mandibles crossed. 



522. White-winged Crossbill ( S ad.). 

 <!». Bill stout ; mandibles not crossed . 515. Pine Grosbeak ( i ad.). 

 £. Wing-coverts not tipped with white. 



a. Throat black or blackish ; wings and tail red ; body red or olive. 



, 593. Cardinal. 



b. Throat and more or less of under parts red or greenish red. 



Ji. Plumage Wood-red, brownish red, or greenish red ; tips of the 



mandibles crossed 521. Ah. Crossbill 3 . 



b'. Plumage dull reddish ; belly whitish ; back indistinctly streaked, 

 with bristly feathers over the nostrils. 



517. Purple Finch ( i ad.), 

 is. Head blue ; back green ; rump red. 



601. Painted Bunting ( « ad.). 

 H. Under parts \rit1i no red and \^thout distinct streaks ; 

 throat or breast sometimes ^^ith a patch or spot. 

 1. Tail with white spots, bars, or patches. 

 A. Back plain, without streaks. 



