54 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



An external lateral, from the cavity outside of the humerus to 

 the external portion of the radius. 



An internal lateral, from the inner tuberosity of the inferior 

 extremity of the humerus to the radial tuberosity and to interos- 

 seous fibres. 



Describe the radiocarpal articulation. 



The radiocarpal articulation is an imperfect ginglymoid which 

 is made up of the lower articular surface of the radius and the four 

 upper carpal bones. 



Three ligaments : an internal from the radius to the fourth bone, 

 a superficial external from the radius to the superearpal bone, and 

 a deep external from the radius to the second bone and interosseous 

 ligament. 



Name the structures composing the carpus. 



1. The articulations uniting the carpal bones of the first row to 

 each other. 



2. The analogous articulations of the second row. 



3. The radiocarpal articulation. 



4. The articulation of the two rows with each other. 



5. The carpometacarpal articulation. 



Describe the ligaments of the knee-joint. 



Besides those mentioned above in describing the radiocarpal joint 

 are three anterior and three interosseous in front of and between 

 the first row of carpal bones ; two anterior and two interosseous in 

 front of and between the second row ; an external posterior, from the 

 first bone of the upper to the second bone of the lower row; an 

 internal posterior, from the internal bone of the upper row to the 

 second and third of the lower row ; an external, from the superearpal 

 bone to the first bone of the second row and head of the external 

 metacarpal. 



Between the lower row and the metacarpal bones are two an- 

 terior, one between the second bone and the principal metacarpal, 

 the other from the first to the external metacarpal ; two interosseous 

 from the articulation between the metacarpi to the interosseous 

 ligaments of the second row. 



Common carpal ligaments are : 



1. Anterior, from the radius to the principal metacarpus. 



2. Posterior, from the posterior part of the radial surface to the 

 carpus and the principal metacarpus. 



3. External lateral, from the outer side of the radius to the 



