64 VETERINAEY STATE BOARD 



matic, small testicular (uterine in females), external and internal 

 iliacs. 



Name the terminal branches of the anterior aorta. 

 The two axillary arteries. 



Name in regular order the important blood-vessels through which the 

 blood moves in passing from the left ventricle to the right 

 front foot. 

 Common aorta, anterior aorta, axillary, humeral, posterior radial, 

 collateral artery of the cannon, digital. 



Describe the posterior radial artery and give its branches. 



It arises from the humeral artery near the inferior extremity of 

 the humerus, passes along the internal ligament of the elbow-joint, 

 along the inner side of the radius to the inferior extremity of the 

 same, where it divides into the common interosseous, metacarpal 

 and collateral artery of the cannon, giving ofiE branches in its course 

 to the elbow and muscles of the forearm. 



Describe the digital arteries and their branches. 



The digital arteries originate just above the fetlock, from the 

 terminal extremity of the collateral artery of the cannon, and 

 descend one to the right, the other to the left, along the margin of 

 the flexor tendons to the basilar process of the pedal bone, where 

 tbey bifurcate to form the plantar and preplantar ungual arteries. 



Several small branches are given off at the fetlock to the articu- 

 lation, sesamoid sheath and tendons. Near the middle of the os 

 suffraginis, the perpendicular artery, with anterior and posterior 

 branches, encircles the limb, and by anastomosing both before and 

 behind, supplies the neighboring tissues. Small branches are given 

 off to the plantar cushion and coronary circle. The preplantar 

 ungual enters foramina in the os pedis. The plantar ungual passes 

 into the plantar fissure, plantar canal and semilunar sinus and unites 

 with the opposite to form the semilunar anastomosis. 



Give the origin and the distribution of the brachial artery. 



The brachial, or axillary, arteries, two in number, are the ter- 

 minal branches of the anterior aorta. They give off the following 

 branches: dorsal, superior cervical, vertebral, internal thoracic, 

 external thoracic, superior cervical, suprascapular and subscapular; 

 after giving off these branches, the brachial artery is continued as 

 the humeral artery. In addition to those named, the right axillary 

 gives off, near its origin, the common trunk of the two carotid 

 arteries. 



