66 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



Describe the coeliac axis and name its branches. 



The coeliac axis is a short trunk which arises from the posterior 

 aorta immediately upon the entrance of that vessel into the abdom- 

 inal cavity. After a course of three-fourths inch, it separates into 

 three large branches, the gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries. 



Describe the origin and the distribution of the internal iliac artery. 



The internal iliac artery arises from the posterior extremity of 

 the posterior artery and terminates near the insertion of the small 

 psoas muscle by dividing into the obturator and iliofemoral arteries. 

 It gives off the following branches : umbilical, internal pudic, ilio- 

 lumbar, lateral sacral and gluteal. 



Give the course and the termination of the femoral artery. 



It arises at the anterior border of the pubis as a continuation 

 of the external iliac and descends to the superior extremity of the 

 gastrocnemius, where it is continued as the popliteal. The following 

 branches are given off: prepubic, femoris profunda, superficial 

 femoris, small muscular, and saphena. 



Give the blood supply of the stomach. 



Supplied by the gastric artery, a branch of the coeliac axis. 



Give the blood supply of the spleen. 



Supplied by, the splenic artery, a branch of the coeliac axis. 



Give the blood supply of the uterus. 



The uterine artery which arises from the posterior aorta or from 

 the external iliac near its origin; the utero-ovariaji which arises 

 from the posterior mesenteric. 



Give the functional and nutritive blood supply of the liver and lungs. 

 Liver : Functional supply, the portal vein ; nutritive, the hepatic 

 artery, a branch of the coelic axis. 



Lungs: Functional, pulmonary artery; nutritive, bronchial 

 artery which is given off from the posterior aorta near the first pair 

 of intercostals. 



Give the blood supply of bone. 



The arteries of bones belong to three orders, viz. : 

 Those of the first order penetrate to the interior of the medullary 

 canal of long bones, by a particular orifice, the nutrient foramen. 

 They soon divide into a network that lines the walls of the canal and 

 enters the medulla. This network communicates with the arteries 

 of the second order which go to the spongy tissue of the extremities 

 of the long bones. The arteries of the third order are branches 



