146 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



b. Large round-celled. 



c. Lymphosarcoma. 



d. Alveolar sarcoma. 



2. Spindle-celled sarcoma, 



a. Small. 



b. Large. 



3. Giant^celled sarcoma. 



4. Melanosarcoma. 



Sarcomata resemble embryonal connective tissue. 



Define (a) neuroma, (b) angioma, (c) myoma. 



(a) A tumor composed largely of nerve substance. 



(b) A tumor made up of blood-vessels. 



(c) A tumor made up of muscular elements. 



Classify cysts and give an example of each class. 



1. Retention cyst, as seen in the kidney, sebaceous glands, 

 mucous glands, etc., due to obstruction of the excretory duct. 



2. Degeneration cyst, due to liquefaction of the tissues as in the 

 brain, thyroids and tumors. 



3. Parasitic cysts, as the ecchinococcic variety. 



4. Foreign-body cyst, seen when a bullet or other foreign body 

 is encapsulated by connective tissue. 



_^ „ c ■ O'crw^*"' , . . 



Define cysts and name the varieties. 



A cyst is a circumscribed cavity, shut off from the surrounding 



tissues, by a connective-tissue membrane or by tissue of a more 



complex structure, the contents of which differ in nature from the 



capsule. (See answer to preceding question.) 



Blood 



Define leucoc5rthaemia, polycythaemia, phagocytosis. 



Leucocythsemia, or leukaemia, is a fatal disease, characterized 

 by a marked increase in the number of leucocytes in the blood, to- 

 gether with enlargement and proliferation of the lymphoid tissue 

 of the spleen, lymphatic glands and bone-marrow. 



Polycythaemia is an increase in the number of red blood-cor- 

 puscles in the blood. 



Phagocytosis is the term applied to the destruction of bacteria 

 in the body by the phagocytes. (Phagocytes are certain cells, chiefly 

 leucocytes, which possess the power of taking up and destroying 

 bacteria by intracellular digestion.) 



