388 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



Diseases of the Respiratory Organs 



Define epistaxis and give its causes. 



Bleeding from the nose. It may be due to traumatism, violent 

 exertion, parasites, granulating tumors, ulceration of the nasal pas- 

 sages, anthrax, glanders, purpura hemorrhagica, haemophilia, etc. 



State causes, symptoms and treatment of nasal gleet. 



Nasal gleet or chronic rhinitis may follow the acute form or it 

 may be due to diseased teeth; infection or catarrh of the nasal 

 sinuses. It is also seen in glanders. 



Symptoms : A continuous, unilateral or bilateral nasal discharge 

 of a thick, creamy consistency. The submaxillary lymph-glands are 

 hard and enlarged ; ulcers sometimes form on the mucous membrane ; 

 the temperature remains normal and the patient becomes anasmic 

 and emaciated. 



Treatment : Locally, apply astringent antiseptics, such as nasal 

 douches with Dobell's solution. Internally, give tonics. 



What parasites attack the throat in solipeds? Give symptoms, pre- 

 vention and treatment in each case. 



Hmmopis sanguisuga {horse leech) attaches itself to the walls 

 of the pharynx and larynx and produces cough, laryngitis, dys- 

 phagia and epistaxis. Prevent by avoiding waters harboring the 

 parasite. Treat by throwing salt solution on them and remove 

 with a dry towel or forceps. 



CEstrus larvce (iots) are sometimes attached to the pharynx and 

 larynx. They produce chronic irritation, cough and dyspnoea. 

 Prevention depends upon the destruction of the bots and the mature 

 fly, the oestrus equi. Treatment consists of removing the bots with 

 the forceps or hands. Laryngotomy may be necessary. 



Give the symptoms and treatment of oedema of the glottis. 



Sudden appearance of dyspnoea and an extensive painless, cede- 

 matous swelling in the laryngeal region. The temperature is nor- 

 mal; sweating, an anxious expression and paroxysm of coughing 

 are observed. 



Treatment: Perform tracheotomy and insert tube. Apply 

 astringent and absorbing agents externally. Burrow's lotion or 

 white lotion could be used on cotton and held in place by a throat 

 bandage. 



State the usual causes of inhalation bronchitis and pneumonia. 



Faulty methods of drenching which allows medicine to enter the 

 trachea; dysphagia due to pharyngitis, tetanus, etc. Sometimes 



