, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 191 



metallic tinkling, cedemas. Course may run from a few days to 

 several weeks, depending upon the continuance of the hydrothorax. 

 Treatment: In early stages, venesection, counter-irritants on 

 chest, such as mustard plasters, oil of mustard and oil silk jacket ; 

 apply friction to legs and bandage them warmly. Give a laxative 

 diet. Later, thoracentesis may be advisable to remove the exudate. 

 Give diuretics and stimulants. 



Describe a case of pleurisy in the dog. 



About the same as previously mentioned in the horse. Dogs 

 sit on haunches and pant. In case of effusion, the horizontal line of 

 dulness changes with the different attitudes the dog may assume. 



Give the cause, symptoms and treatment of hydrothoraK. 



Caused by pleurisy, venous stasis, heart disease, kidney disease, 

 anaemia, parasites, etc. 



Symptoms : Dyspnoea, horizontal line of dulness in lower part 

 of thorax, no fever; general dropsy, if from heart and kidney 

 diseases. 



Treatment: Diuretics, derivatives, thoracentesis, laxative diet 

 and tonics. Usually incurable. 



Describe the symptoms of pulmonary emphysema. Outline treatment. 

 Double expiratory movement, husky, wheezing cough, dilated 

 nostrils, dyspnoea easily produced by exercise, muggy weather or 

 a full stomach. Digestive troubles often accompany heaves. Occa- 

 sionally thei-e will be seen a glairy nasal discharge. Cardiac 

 weakness. 



Treatment: Dietetic measures such as a laxative diet, concen- 

 trated foods and a restricted amount of hay or straw. Give arsenic 

 in graduated doses. Belladonna is useful to suppress the cough. 



How would you guard against fraudulent attempts to conceal the 



symptoms of heaves? 



Keep the horse under observation for 48 hours. Give plenty of 



hay and water and exercise. The dilated nostrils are hard to conceal. 



Adrenalin chloride aggravates respiration and may be an aid to 



diagnosis. 



Diseases of the Digestive Obgans 



Define glossitis and give causes for same. 



Glossitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane and sub- 

 stance of the tongue. It may be due to mechanical, thermal and 

 cheniical agents. Infection should be reckoned with, especially 

 specific infections, as in foot and mouth disease, lip and leg ulcera- 

 tion of sheep, etc. 



