198 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



Describe the s}miptoms of acute parenchymatous hepatitis in the dog 

 and give treatment. 

 Tesderness to pressure over the liver, pain during defecation, 

 jaundice, fever, constipation and vomiting. 



As treatment, give mild laxatives such as olive or castor oil. 

 Calomel is very good. Intestinal antiseptics such as salol, sulpho- 

 carbolates, etc., are useful. Restrict the diet, avoiding fats. 



Give the causes, S3miptoms and treatment of peritonitis. 



Causes: Infection, traumatic injuries, operative wounds in the 

 abdomen, castration, laparotomy, perforating ulcer of the intes- 

 tines, rupture of the stomach or intestine, perforation of a parturient 

 womb, rupture of abscesses in the peritoneal cavity, metastasis. 



Symptoms: Presence of a wound with spreading swelling, 

 oedema and tenderness of the abdomen, tucked up abdomen, high 

 fever, quick, wiry pulse, careful decubitus and rising, short, catchy 

 respiratory movements, straddling gait, short steps, constipation, 

 effusion may cause fluctuation and enlargement of the abdomen. 



Treatment: Local antiseptics, drainage of wounds, irrigation 

 of the peritoneal cavity with sterile water; saline laxatives, intes- 

 tinal antiseptics ; stimulants ; apply mustard over abdomen. 



What is ascites? Give causes of ascites. 



Ascites is an accumulation of a serous fluid in the peritoneal 

 cavity. It is caused by chronic peritonitis, venous stasis due to 

 obstruction of the portal vein by tumors, indurative hepatitis, etc. 

 Valvular disease of the heart, kidney diseases, hydrsemia, tubercu- 

 losis and heaves are also etiological factors. 



Mention the different forms of ergotism in cattle. Give the symptoms 



of each form mentioned. 



Acute : Gastro-enteritis, ptyalism, vomiting, colicky pains, diar- 



rhcea, tdcerous stomatitis, labor pains, abortion, prolapsus uteri, 



insensibility to pain, paralyses, dilatation of the pupils, muscular 



cramps. 



Chronic: Necrosis of extremities such as the ears, tail, teats, 

 claws and lower leg; abortion and sterility. 



Give causes, symptoms and treatment of distomiasis (liver rot) in 

 sheep. 



Caused by the presence of the liver-fluke parasite, distoma 

 hepaticum, in the bile ducts. 



Symptoms : During the period of invasion of the parasite, lasting 

 2 to 3 months, the sheep gain in flesh ; later, dropsy, emaciation, diar- 

 rhoea alternating with constipation; variable temperature, icterus, 



