218 VETERINAEY STATE BOARD 



usually covered with crusts and stuck together in the morning. In 

 protracted cases, ulcers form on the cornea. 



Treatment : Remove foreign bodies ; a few drops of a 4 per cent, 

 boric acid solution in the eye several times daily, or a 1 per cent, 

 silver nitrate solution may be used. Keep the eye covered with a 

 pad soaked in boric acid solution, which not only serves an antiseptic 

 and astringent purpose but rests the eye by occluding the light. 



Describe amaurosis and give its causes and treatment. 



Amaurosis is blindness, especially blindness occurring without 

 any apparent lesion of the eye, and due to disease of the optic nerve, 

 retina, spine or brain. 



Causes: Renal disease, diabetes, uraemia, cerebral diseases, 

 reflexly from remote irritation, congenital. 



Treatment: Unsatisfactory. May disappear on subsidence of 

 the causative factor. Eliminate the cause if it can be determined- 

 Give fully the symptoms, prognosis and treatment in a severe case of 

 periodic ophthalmia. 



Symptoms: Local heat and tenderness, laehrymation, photo- 

 phobia, arborescent appearance of the injected capillaries extending 

 from the sclera down in the cornea, fibrinopurulent exudation in 

 the anterior chamber, iridocyclochoroiditis present. Course, about 

 two weeks. Patient may be blind in one eye and show synechije in 

 the other from previous attacks. Atrophy of the globe after two 

 or more attacks. 



Prognosis: Unfavorable. Usually recover from one attack but 

 several subsequent attacks, at intervals of one to six months, are 

 inevitable and blindness is sure to result. 



Treatment: Rest the eye with atropine. Boric acid, cocaine 

 hydrochlorate and atropine sulphate make a useful combination. 

 Keep patient in darkened room. Cover the eye with a pad soaked 

 in boric acid solution. The use of counter-irritants, blisters and 

 setons, so commonly employed, inflict useless pain. The disease 

 usually runs a two weeks' course in spite of any treatment. 



Define (a) entropion, (b) ectropion, (c) glaucoma, (d) staphyloma. 



(a) Inversion of the eyelid, (b) E version or turning out of the 

 eyelid, (c) A disease of the eye marked by intense intra-ocular 

 pressure resulting in hardness of the eye, atrophy of the optic disk 

 and blindness. It is due to obstruction of the lymph circulation, 

 (d) A protrusion of the cornea or sclera resulting from inflam- 

 mation. 



