QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 235 



Mention in order from without inward the tissues cut in the operation 

 of castration of the male. 

 Skin, dartos, spermatic, cremasteric and inf imdibuliform fasciae ; 

 the tunica vaginalis and the tunica albuginea. 



Describe paraphimosis and give treatment. 



A condition in which the glans penis cannot be retracted into the 

 prepuce, either because the opening is too narrow, or the glans too 

 large. More common in the dog than in the horse, because in the 

 latter the outer folds of the sheath are loosely formed and present 

 a wide opening. But occasionally the preputial folds become greatly 

 swollen and prevent the return of the penis. More often the 

 condition is due to swelling of the penis. 



Treatment: Attempt replacement by lubricating with oil and 

 applying pressure on the swollen penis. It may be necessary to 

 incise the preputial ring. Apply astringent packs to combat the 

 inflammation. A suspensory bandage will assist in reducing the 

 oedema. 



Describe a method of amputating the penis. 



General ansesthesia. Wash and disinfect the penis and preputial 

 region. Apply a temporary elastic ligature just above the preputial 

 ring. Grasp the penis with one hand and with a circular incision, 

 about 5 cm. in front of the ligature, or immediately in front of the 

 preputial ring, excise the organ. Ligate vessels which may be 

 bleeding. Slit the dorsal wall of the urethra for a distance of about 

 2 cm. ; spread it fan-like over the surrounding tissues and suture 

 to the same. A silk ligature can be applied to the corpus caver- 

 nosum just above the point of excision and allowed to remain for a 

 few days. Remove the elastic ligature. 



Give cause, symptoms and treatment of paralysis of the penis. 



Cause : Due to paralysis of the retractor penis muscle., Inability 

 to retract the penis on account of inflammatory swellings of the 

 sheath or penis are erroneously referred to as paralysis. 



Symptoms : Inability to retract the penis in the sheath or retain 

 it there when replaced. Insensitiveness of the organ which hangs 

 limply and swings to and fro when the animal walks. 



Treatment : Massage the retractor penis muscle between the anus 

 and scrotum. Injections of veratrine or strychnine may assist. 

 Apply a suspensory bandage to prevent injuries and oedema. Am- 

 putation may be necessary as a last resort, or better still, the more 

 recent method of removing a band-like piece of skin from the penis 

 (by encircling it with two incisions) equal in width to one-half 



