256 yETBRINARTi STATE BOARD 



State briefly the surgical details in treating a case of penetrating street- 

 nail. 

 Carefully pare away the sole around the point of entrance of the 

 nail and provide drainage for any discharges which may form. 

 Dress with antiseptics and keep the wound covered with absorbent 

 gauze or cotton. If the nail has entered the navicular bursa, resec- 

 tion of the perforans tendon will be necessary. 



Describe a method of treating contracted hoof. 



Apply a bar-shoe, or a flat open shoe and the Chadwiek spring. 

 Keep the horn soft and pliable by frequent moistening. 



Hew would you shoe a horse to overcome forging? 



Shorten the toe of the fore foot and roU the toe of the shoe to 

 facilitate quick "breaking over." The ends of the branches of the 

 shoe should be no longer than necessary to protect the heels and 

 should be bevelled from the hoof surface of the shoe downward and 

 forward under the foot. The hind foot should be lowered in the 

 quarters and left long at the toe. It should be fitted with a shoe, 

 squared at the toe and well rounded on the lower edge in this region. 

 The shoe should be so fitted that at least three-fourths of an inch 

 of the wall of the toe projects beyond the shoe. In feet in which 

 the toe is too short, a low toe-calk may be used to cause slow "break- 

 ing over. ' ' 



Describe the treatment of quarter crack in a heavy draft horse. De- 

 scribe the proper kind of shoe to apply in such a case. 

 Thin the horn for an inch on both sides of the crack, directly 

 over the coronary band, to prevent any friction between the sides 

 of the crack. Immobilize the crack by bandaging the hoof with 

 adhesive tape. Apply a bar-shoe, Chadwiek spring and leather sole. 



Describe the shoe you would have applied in a case of contracted per- 

 foratus and perforans tendons of the hind limb of a draft 

 horse. 

 An open shoe with low toe-calk and with heel-calks sufficiently 

 high to give the necessary support to the heels. 



State the uses of a bar-shoe. When is a bar-shoe contra-indicated? 



The bar-shoe is used when frog-pressure is desired as in con- 

 tracted quarters, contracted sole, chronic laminitis, quarter-crack, 

 wry-hoof, and frog atrophy ; when it is desirable to relieve a diseased 

 section of wall from pressure as in corns, etc. 



The bar-shoe is contra-indicated when side-bones or navicular 

 disease are present, or when disease of the frog or subjacent tissues 

 renders frog-pressure painful. 



