QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 257 



How would you shoe a horse to afford speedy relief from a bruised 

 heel? 



Use a shoe with heel-calks and long branches which do not press 

 upon the quarters. 



Methods of Resteaint, Casting, Etc. 



Name three common methods of restraint. 



Side-line, hobbles and operating table. 



Mention three methods of restraint in the standing position and two 

 in the recumbent position. 



1. Side-line, stocks and twitch. 



2. Hobbles and operating table. 



Describe two methods of casting the horse and ox for operation. 



Horse : 1. Adjust hobbles on all four feet. Pass a rope or chain 

 through the rings in same and draw the feet together, causing the 

 horse to fall. A soft bed should be provided for the horse to fall 

 upon (English hobbles). 2. A casting harness may be used. A 

 strong girth, provided with large rings, is buckled tightly around the 

 chest close behind the elbows. Hobbles are placed on all four feet 

 and ropes are run from the same to the rings on the sides of the girth. 

 "When the ropes are drawn taut, the horse falls and is secured by 

 tying the feet to the girth. A "figure 8" made with the rope on 

 both hocks will hold the horse more securely. 



Ox: 1. Either of the above methods may be used. 2. A long 

 rope (36 feet) is fastened, by one end, to the horns or head and 

 carried backward, making three "half -hitches" around the body, 

 one just anterior to the shoulders, another, just back of the elbows, 

 and the last around the abdomen, anterior to the external angle of 

 the ilium. By pulling firmly on the free end of the rope thus 

 adjusted, the ox will lie down. Hobbles can then be adjusted. 



Mention the chief accidents that may occur in casting and securing 

 animals for operation. State how such accidents may be 

 avoided. 



1. Fractured vertebrse. Provide a soft bed for the animal to 

 fall upon. Prevent violent movements. Be sure the patient is free 

 from an abnormal fragility of the bones before casting. Don't 

 extend the hind limbs too forcibly, by drawing the feet too far for- 

 ward and upward. 



2. Fracture of the external angle of the ilium. Provide a soft; 

 bed. Avoid throwing too suddenly. 



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