QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 329 



Dose for tlie horse, 15 to 30 drops in olive or linseed oil. Toxic 

 dose, over 30 drops, although smaller amounts may produce gastro- 

 enteritis with bloody stools and death. Should be given cautiously. 



Antidote : Demulcents, opium, and stimulants. 



Define cataplasm, counterirritant, fomentation. 



A cataplasm, or poultice, is a preparation for the local appli- 

 cation of heat and moisture. 



A counterirritant is an irritant used against an existing irri- 

 tation or inflammation by reflexly causing contraction of the vessels 

 in the congested or inflamed underlying parts. 



Fomentation refers to bathing parts with plain or medicated hot 

 water, by means of sponge or cloth. 



Define disinfectant, antiseptic, deodorant. Explain the difference in 

 the action of these agents. 



A disinfectant is an agent used to destroy microorganisms caus- 

 ing infectious and contagious diseases, fermentation, and putre- 

 faction. 



An antiseptic is an agent used to prevent the growth and de- 

 velopment of the microorganisms causing fermentation, putrefac- 

 tion, and disease, more especially the germs producing pus. 



A deodorant is an agent which destroys or counteracts a foul 

 odor. 



Disinfectants, as a rule, are used on floors, buildings, grounds, 

 etc. Antiseptics are less strongly germicidal and are used on or in 

 the body. Most deodorants are disinfectants and antiseptics. 



Give a method of treatment of haemoglobinuria. 



Administer a ten-drachm aloes ball, followed by linseed oil if 

 necessary. Provide plenty of bedding in a warm stable and roll 

 patient over every four hours. If restless and violent, give chloral 

 hydrate by the mouth, or cannabis indiea intravenously. Evacuate 

 the bladder and rectum several times daily. Avoid slings unless 

 patient can stand, in which case they are unnecessary. Enforced 

 standing is liable to produce muscle rupture and intramuscular 

 hemorrhage. Feed bran-mashes and supply plenty of fresh water. 



Give a method of treatment of lymphangitis. 



Give a ten-drachm aloes ball, followed by one pint of linseed oil 

 if necessary to purge. Feed bran-mashes and give plenty of fresh 

 water, but no hay. Cold-water irrigation is indicated during the 

 first 24 hours, afterwards hot fomentations. Apply Burrow 's lotion 



