348 VETERINARY STATE BOARD 



1-1000, is the best disinfectant. Gutters and drains may be flushed 

 with a saturated solution of sulphate of iron. Dirt floors and barn- 

 yards containing infected material should be excavated to a depth 

 of six inches and filled in with new earth. Large fields may be 

 burned over. 



Describe in detail your procedure in the treatment of a herd of cattle, 

 a part of which you have discovered to be infected with 

 tuberculosis. 

 Separate the non-infected from the infected and test them every 

 three months for the first year and thereafter every six months. 

 All reacting or suspicious cases should be promptly removed. Reac- 

 tors which show clinical symptoms should be destroyed. Others may 

 be kept under the Bang system. Thoroughly disinfect the infected 

 premises. 



How should all outbreaks of contagious diseases be handled? 



By reporting promptly to the local or State authorities handling 

 such affairs. By enforcement of proper quarantine and attention to 

 disinfection. 



Describe an effective method of disinfecting a ship that has contained 

 cattle affected with anthrax. 

 Send the boat out to sea not less than forty miles from land and, 

 beginning at the lowest occupied deck, have all excreta, fodder, fit- 

 tings, etc., brought up and thrown overboard. Then turn live steam 

 under pressure against every portion of the ship 's interior, touching 

 every crevice, nook, and corner. The bilge should be pumped out 

 and disinfected with bichloride of mercury or carbolic acid. 



Mention a bacterium that is very resistant to the action of disinfectants. 

 Give a reason for your answer. 

 Bacterium of anthrax, because it forms spores which are very 

 resistant to the strongest disinfectants. These spores under favor- 

 able conditions develop into virulent bacteria. 



Mention five ways in which pathogenic bacteria may be disseminated 

 from diseased to healthy animals. 

 By common watering and feeding troughs, by attendants, by 

 licking one another, by flies, and by an intermediate host (Texas- 

 fever tick) . 



Mention some of the contributing causes of contagious and zymotic 

 diseases. 



Low-resisting powers due to previous disease, fatigue, or lack of 

 nourishment; overcrowding, poor ventilation, wounds. 



