214 Principles of Plant Culture. 
off the leaves, saving a bit of the leaf stem (petiole) to serve 
as a handle while inserting the buds. The stocks, whether 
grown from seeds or from cuttings, are usually of one 
or two season’s growth. The lower branches of the stock 
are cut off up to three inches or more from the 
ground, and a smooth place is selected for the bud, 
usually on the side least exposed to the sun’s rays. 
With the budding knife, a T-shaped cut is made on 
the stock (393c) about two inches 
above the ground. <A bud is then 
cut from the bud stick, by 
inserting the blade of the 
ij budding knife about a fourth 
of an inch below the bud, at 
(such an angle that the back 
of the blade nearly touches 
blade is passed just 
behind the bud, 
touching the wood, 
but not removing 
much of it, and 
then turned a lit- 
tle, running out 
Fie 118. Fia. 120. Fie. 121. Fie. 119. 
Fig. 118. Shoot containing buds. The white spaces about a fourth of 
about the buds indicate the amount of bark tobecut gn inch above the 
off with the bud. The shoot is inverted for cutting the 
buds. bud (Fig. 119). 
‘Fig. 119. Bud cut off, ready for insertion. Often the knife 
Fig. 120. Bud partially inserted between the lips of 
the stock. does not run out, 
Fig. 121. Bud inserted and tied. (All after Bailey). but the bark is cut 
off square, a quarter of an inch above the bud, as indicated 
in Fig. 118. 
