Propagation by Grafting. 215 
With the spatula of the budding knife (397), the lips of 
bark in the angles of the T-cut are loosened from the wood, 
when the bit of bark bearing the bud is slipped down behind 
them (Fig. 120), with the bud pointing upward, until the top 
end of the bit of bark is just below the horizontal cut of the 
T. Some budders do not use the spatula, but raise the lips 
Fic. 122. A lesson in budding. The left hand student is cutting a bud; the 
central one is lifting the lips of the bark with the spatula of his budding knife; 
the right hand student is tying the bud. 
of bark with the blade of the budding knife. The center of 
a strip of moistened raffia is then applied to the stock just 
below the inserted bud; the ends of the strip are crossed on 
the opposite side of the stock, brought forward and again 
crossed just above the bud, thus covering the horizontal cut 
