228 Principles of Plant Culture. 
opening the hole to receive the roots of small plants, as of 
cabbage, celery, onions etc., and for pressing the earth about 
the roots. It answers equally well for planting cuttings and 
root grafts. The manner of using it appears in Figs. 142 
and 143. 
4 == Fig. 139 shows a very convenient tool for 
a \ planting root grafts and cuttings. It consists 
iY of six steel dibbers, attached in a line to a piece 
of scantling, at the distance apart at which the 
plants or cuttings are to be planted, with a 
handle affixed above. In using this tool, the 
operator crowds the dibbers into the soil with 
a 3 the foot, guided 
by a line. He 
_HOLITCI 
=e Ala? 
TUTIT 
FIa. 138. Fia. 139. Fico. 140. 
Fig. 138. Flat steel dibber, (one-third natural size). 
Fig. 139. Tool for planting root grafts and cuttings, (much reduced). 
Fig. 140. Ricbards’ transplanting tools, made by F. Richards, Freeport, N. Y. 
then moves the frame to and fro until the holes are suttici- 
ently opened, when he withdraws the dibbers by lifting the 
frame, and passes on to repeat the operation. A planter 
follows inserting the grafts or cuttings, and crowding earth 
about them with the ordinary dibber. 
Fig. 140 shows a set of transplanting tools, useful in 
removing a limited number of plants that are not closely 
